Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, liquid-crystalline media which contain at least one compound of the formula I and electro-optical displays which contain the LC mixtures, especially for the self-aligning VA, PSA, PS-VA, PVA, MVA, PM-VA, HT-VA or VA-IPS mode in which R1, R2, ring A1, Z1, Z2, Sp, P, L1, L2, r1, r2, r3, m, n, p1 and p2 have the meanings indicated above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media (LC media) having negative or positive dielectric anisotropy, comprising a low-molecular-weight component and a polymerizable component. The polymerizable component comprises self-aligning, polymerizable mesogens (polymerizable self-alignment additives) which effect homeotropic (vertical) alignment of the LC media at a surface or the cell walls of a liquid-crystal display (LC display). The invention therefore also encompasses LC displays having homeotropic alignment of the LC medium without alignment layers. The invention discloses novel structures for polymerizable self-alignment additives which have a certain position of the functional groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media (LC media) having negative or positive dielectric anisotropy, comprising a low-molecular-weight component and a polymerisable component. The polymerisable component comprises self-aligning, polymerisable mesogens (polymerisable self-alignment additives) which effect homeotropic (vertical) alignment of the LC media at a surface or the cell walls of a liquid-crystal display (LC display). The invention therefore also encompasses LC displays having homeotropic alignment of the LC medium without alignment layers. The invention discloses novel structures for polymerisable self-alignment additives which have a certain position of the functional groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to the compounds of the formula I and to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds which contains at least one compound of the formula I in which in which R1, R2, ring A1, Z1, Z2, Sp, P, L1, L2, r1, r2, r3, m, n, p1 and p2 have the meanings indicated in Claim 1 and to the use of the LC mixtures in electro-optical displays, especially for the self-aligning VA, PSA, PS-VA, PVA, MVA, PM-VA, HT-VA or VA-IPS mode.