Abstract: A paste dispenser for dispensing paste to discontinuously fill a mold to form successive layers in an additive manufacturing process, comprises an applicator mounted in the paste dispenser to dispense the paste into the mold one layer at a time. The applicator comprises two blades and a volume in between, which blades are tilted so that the ends towards the mold face away from a paste dispensing direction of travel. The rear blade dispenses paste and the front blade acts as a barrier to keep the paste in the dispensing area. A shutter is actuated to shut off the volume in between dispensing of the paste.

Abstract: A 3D printing system in which paste is used to fill a space enclosed by a 3D printed mold wall, uses a blade for spreading the paste. A cleaning system for the blade includes an immersion bath, which is filled with fluid to a fluid level. Rotating brushes are partly submerged in the fluid, and when cleaning is needed, the blade is located between the brushes. The brushes rotate onto the knife such that each surface of the knife is brushed over to remove debris from the paste into the fluid.

Abstract: A method of forming a base for additive manufacture in order to print an object or part object on the wax base involves forming the wax base on a printing tray. The base is constructed by providing a layer of wax on a surface of said printing tray. The wax is heated to above a melting point thereof so that the wax in contact with the tray is molten, and then the wax is slowly cooled while continually pressing on the wax. The slow cooling ensures a bond between the wax and the printing tray which may be enhanced if the tray surface is roughened.

Abstract: A 3D printing system in which paste is used to fill a space enclosed by a 3D printed mold wall, uses a blade for spreading the paste. A cleaning system for the blade includes an immersion bath, which is filled with fluid to a fluid level. Rotating brushes are partly submerged in the fluid, and when cleaning is needed, the blade is located between the brushes. The brushes rotate onto the knife such that each surface of the knife is brushed over to remove debris from the paste into the fluid.

Abstract: A method of forming a base for additive manufacture in order to print an object or part object on the wax base involves forming the wax base on a printing tray. The base is constructed by providing a layer of wax on a surface of said printing tray. The wax is heated to above a melting point thereof so that the wax in contact with the tray is molten, and then the wax is slowly cooled while continually pressing on the wax. The slow cooling ensures a bond between the wax and the printing tray which may be enhanced if the tray surface is roughened.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing machine and associated method for making a part layerwise by firstly using additive manufacture to make a mold to define a space for the layer, and secondly filling the space with a paste to make a layer of the part. The machine comprises a first mold forming station with inkjet nozzles to form the mold using standard 3D printing, and a second paste dispensing station distanced from the first station, with a dispensing die slot for dispensing paste into the space to form a layer. The machine operates on multiple parts simultaneously, each being conveyed along a path through the stations.

Abstract: A layering device for preparation of layers being formed in additive manufacture, each layer formed by printing a mold wall to define a mold space and filling the mold space with a paste to form the layer. The layering device comprises a roller to press the mold wall from above to form a mold layer surface in a plane, a paste applicator and a blade to spread the paste to fill the mold space. The blade is aligned into the plane to smooth the paste flush with the mold layer surface.

Abstract: A wrinkle detector for detecting creases or wrinkles to protect a print head of a fabric printer from occlusion by protruding fabric. The wrinkle detector comprises a mounting located in advance of a print head relative to fabric approaching to be printed, the mounting comprising one or more deflectable elements extending into a predetermined clearance zone between the printing head and the fabric, wherein deflection of the elements is used as an indicator of fabric protruding into the clearance zone. The detector may be used to halt or modify printing, in particular ink jet printing of the fabrics so that occlusion does not block the printing nozzles.

Abstract: A wrinkle detector for detecting creases or wrinkles to protect a print head of a fabric printer from occlusion by protruding fabric. The wrinkle detector comprises a mounting located in advance of a print head relative to fabric approaching to be printed, the mounting comprising one or more deflectable elements extending into a predetermined clearance zone between the printing head and the fabric, wherein deflection of the elements is used as an indicator of fabric protruding into the clearance zone. The detector may be used to halt or modify printing, in particular ink jet printing of the fabrics so that occlusion does not block the printing nozzles.

Abstract: A digital printing machine prints textiles. The machine comprises a wetting unit for wetting fabric to be printed prior to printing, a printing head for printing on said fabric and a flattening unit located between the wetting unit and the printing head for exerting pressure on the fabric to flatten outwardly extending fibers of the fabric after wetting and before printing. The flattening provides a smoothed surface for digital printing.

Abstract: The addition of small amounts of MER to an in vitro culture of animal or human lymphocytes together with cancer cells will greatly potentiate the process by which the lymphocytes become actively cytotoxic to the specific type of cancer cells when injected in vivo. In some cases MER causes sensitization of the lymphocytes even when there is none without the MER. MER cultured in vitro with lymphocytes without specific cancer cells in the culture will cause non-specific cytotoxic sensitization of the lymphocytes. The sensitized cytotoxic reactive cells may be stored cryogenically for use in human cancer therapy.