Abstract: A method, system, and computer-readable code for a technique with which documents encoded according to the Extensible Markup Language (XML) notation or a derivative thereof can be more efficiently processed by selectively streaming document fragments. This selective streaming technique comprises identifying the static and the changeable portions or fragments of a document. The static fragments are written to a serialized binary format (i.e. a serialized binary stream), such as a disk file, thereby avoiding the re-parsing of this information when reconstituting a Document Object Model (DOM) tree for the document. Volatile fragments, on the other hand, remain in the XML or derivative notation when written to an output file.

Abstract: A method of rendering a button in a hypermedia content browser. The method can include decoding a network address received from the content browser to determine encoded characteristics for a button. Once the encoded characteristics for the button have been determined, a button can be dynamically formed based upon the determined characteristics. Once formed, the button can be forwarded to the content browser and the content browser can render the dynamically formed button. The decoding step can include the step of parsing an HTTP request to identify a plurality of parameters which specify display characteristics for the button.

Abstract: A graphical user interface (GUI) element rendering method. A GUI element rendering method can include serving a Web page to a Web browser. The Web page can include markup which defines a form and the form can include one or more submittable input elements, each submittable input element having a corresponding key-value pair. The key-value pair can include an identifying key and a value, and one or more of the identifying keys can include a shallow form submit key indicating a request for advanced GUI element processing. One or more of the submitted key-value pairs can be received from the Web browser from among which a shallow form submit key can be identified. In consequence, advanced GUI element processing can be performed based upon values which are associated with the identified shallow form submit key.

Abstract: An enhanced form-based input element attribute prompting system. The system can include a servlet configured to process requests for enhanced form-based input elements, each request encapsulating at least one input element attribute associated with a requested enhanced form-based input element; and, a graphical element generation processor configured to generate an enhanced form-based input element based upon at least one specified input element attribute provided by the servlet. Each enhanced form-based input element generated by the graphical element generation processor can include a form-based input element and at least one form-based input element attribute prompt. Additionally, the attribute prompt can include least one attribute selected from the group consisting of a textual description of validation criteria, a graphical indication of input-element state, and a graphical indication of an available field action.

Abstract: A network distributable emulated menu. The menu can include one or more composite images, each image including menu text and a graphical icon, the icon denoting a selectable menu; one or more selectable form-based input elements, each element encapsulating one of the composite images; and a graphical image of a menu structure, the graphical image including at least one form-based input element encapsulating a reference to a composite image of menu text and a graphical icon, the icon denoting at least one of a menu action and a selectable menu. Additionally, the emulated menu can include one or more table cells, each cell containing one of the selectable form-based input elements. Finally, the menu structure can include at least one of a textual menu action, a graphically selectable menu action, and a nested menu structure.

Abstract: A method for providing context-sensitive help across variable environments. In each of the variable environments, the method can include tokenizing a received network request for help, the tokenization producing a contextually pertinent help file name and a base address of a corresponding help file. Subsequently, the corresponding help file can be located in a fixed storage location referenced by associating the help file name with the base address. Finally, the located help file can be encoded with the base address, and transmitting to a requesting client.

Abstract: Mammalian cells capable of producing cartilage are cultured under a shear flow stress of about 1 to about 100 dynes/cm.sup.2 to produce artificial cartilage for surgical transplantation to replace damaged or missing cartilage. Shear flow stressed cells display enhanced maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype and produce an extracellular matrix containing an enhanced ratio of type II collagen to type I collagen. The cells may be chondrocytes, chondrocyte stem cells or cells such as myoblasts or fibroblasts that transdifferentiate into chondrocytes. A bioreactor is used containing a growth chamber having a substrate on which the cells capable of producing cartilage are attached, and means for applying relative movement between a liquid culture medium and the substrate to provide the shear flow stress. The substrate may be a scaffold, or a nonporous surface such as the surface of a rotatable drum or disc, or the surface of a static plate that supports cell growth in a monolayer.