Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into bio-available nitrogenous compounds, including ammonia. Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to synthetic DNA constructs encoding genes to allow release of bio-available nitrogenous compounds in nitrogen fixing diazotrophic organisms. Many of these constructs encode these genes in inducible and constitutive means, such that inducible embodiments can be activated at select times. Additional embodiments are directed to genetically engineered diazotrophs utilizing these constructs to produce bio-available nitrogenous compounds. Further embodiments are directed to methods to create these constructs and organisms as well as to use these constructs and organisms.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to lignin-modifying enzymes and systems and methods of their manufacture. In many embodiments, the lignin-modifying enzymes are lignin-degrading enzymes capable of breaking down lignin into component parts that are usable for other purposes. Several embodiments are directed to systems for producing lignin-modifying enzymes in vivo, including in yeast and/or plant species, and certain embodiments are directed to methods of creating these systems, including transfecting the species to produce lignin-modifying enzymes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to lignin-modifying enzymes and systems and methods of their manufacture. In many embodiments, the lignin-modifying enzymes are lignin-degrading enzymes capable of breaking down lignin into component parts that are usable for other purposes. Several embodiments are directed to systems for producing lignin-modifying enzymes in vivo, including in yeast and/or plant species, and certain embodiments are directed to methods of creating these systems, including transfecting the species to produce lignin-modifying enzymes.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for biosynthetically producing podophyllotoxin intermediates and derivatives including enzymes and their equivalents involved in the biosynthetic production of podophyllotoxin intermediates and derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for biosynthetically producing podophyllotoxin intermediates and derivatives including enzymes and their equivalents involved in the biosynthetic production of podophyllotoxin intermediates and derivatives.

Abstract: Provided herein are graft co-polymers of lignin and poly(lactic acid) (lignin-g-PLA copolymer), thermoset and thermoplastic polymers including them, methods of preparing these polymers, and articles of manufacture including such polymers.

Abstract: Described herein is an adhesive formulation comprising lignin, a cross-linker, and optionally a dispersant, or obtained by mixing a composition comprising lignin, a cross-linker, and optionally a dispersant. Preferably in the adhesive formulation, at least about 50 wt. % of the composition is waste lignin, extracted lignin, or synthetic lignin; the lignin is not pre-activated, pre-fractionated, or pre-functionalized; the cross-linker is glycerol diglycidyl ether or poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether; and the dispersant is gamma-valerolactone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, or triacetin. Also described are methods for using the adhesive formulation for making plywood assemblies, lignin-fiber composites, and lignin-waste wood composites.

Abstract: Provided herein are graft co-polymers of lignin and poly(lactic acid) (lignin-g-PLA copolymer), thermoset and thermoplastic polymers including them, methods of preparing these polymers, and articles of manufacture including such polymers.