Abstract: A battery separator includes a porous substrate and a thermal fuse material adhered to at least one surface of said porous substrate. The thermal fuse material is adhered to the substrate surface in a predetermined geometric array thereupon so as to establish open areas of the at least one substrate surface to thereby allow ionic migration therethrough. The thermal fuse material forming the geometric array on the substrate surface may itself define open pores to further facilitate such ionic migration. The thermal fuse material melts at or near a predetermined threshold temperature so that the substrate's permeability irreversibly becomes significantly decreased and thus interrupts the chemical reaction in an electrochemical battery. In such a manner, batteries of improved safety may be provided using the separators of this invention.

Abstract: Crude diphenyl phthalates, including isomeric mixtures thereof which are prepared by reacting mixtures of isophthalic and terephthalic acids with phenol, preferably in the presence of an organotitanate, organozirconate, or organostannate catalyst, are purified by dissolving the crude phthalate in an organic solvent, contacting the resulting solution with dilute aqueous alkali to neutralize the ester, separating the resulting oil and aqueous phases, and thereafter recovering from the oil phase a purified diaryl phthalate of reduced color and low acidity.

Abstract: Color properties of crude phenolic esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids are improved by distilling the esters in the presence of a boron oxide compound.