Abstract: Methods and arrangements for representing the speech waveform in terms of a set of abstract, linguistic distinctions in order to derive a set of discriminative features for use in a speech recognizer. By combining the distinctive feature representation with an original waveform representation, it is possible to achieve a reduction in word error rate of 33% on an automatic speech recognition task.

Abstract: A method for generating a frequency warping function comprising preparing the training speech of a source and a target speaker; performing frame alignment on the training speech of the speakers; selecting aligned frames from the frame-aligned training speech of the speakers; extracting corresponding sets of formant parameters from the selected aligned frames; and generating a frequency warping function based on the corresponding sets of formant parameters. The step of selecting aligned frames preferably selects a pair of aligned frames in the middle of the same or similar frame-aligned phonemes with the same or similar contexts in the speech of the source speaker and target speaker. The step of generating a frequency warping function preferably uses the various pairs of corresponding formant parameters in the corresponding sets of formant parameters as key positions in a piecewise linear frequency warping function to generate the frequency warping function.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, a system and a computer program product for text-to-speech synthesis. The computer program product comprises a computer useable medium including a computer readable program, where the computer readable program when executed on the computer causes the computer to operate in accordance with a text-to-speech synthesis function by operations that include, responsive to at least one phrase represented as recorded human speech to be employed in synthesizing speech, labeling the phrase according to a symbolic categorization of prosodic phenomena; and constructing a data structure that includes word/prosody-categories and word/prosody-category sequences for the phrase, and that further includes information pertaining to a phone sequence associated with the constituent word or word sequence for the phrase.

Abstract: A technique for producing speech output in a text-to-speech system is provided. A message is created for communication to a user in a natural language generator of the text-to-speech system. The message is annotated in the natural language generator with a synthetic speech output style. The message is conveyed to the user through a speech synthesis system in communication with the natural language generator, wherein the message is conveyed in accordance with the synthetic speech output style.

Abstract: A technique for producing speech output in an automatic dialog system is provided. Communication is received from a user at the automatic dialog system. A context of the communication from the user is detected in a context detector of the automatic dialog system. A message is provided to the user from a text-to-speech system of the automatic dialog system in communication with the context detector, wherein the message is provided in accordance with the detected context of the communication.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and a computer program product to generate an audible speech word that corresponds to text. The method includes providing a text word and, in response to the text word, processing pre-recorded speech segments that are derived from a plurality of speakers to selectively concatenate together speech segments based on at least one cost function to form audio data for generating an audible speech word that corresponds to the text word. A data structure is also provided for use in a concatenative text-to-speech system that includes a plurality of speech segments derived from a plurality of speakers, where each speech segment includes an associated attribute vector each of which is comprised of at least one attribute vector element that identifies the speaker from which the speech segment was derived.

Abstract: A driving directions system loads into memory a limited subset of prerecorded, spoken utterances of geographic names from a mass media storage. The subset of spoken utterances may be limited, for example, to the geographic names within a predetermined radius (e.g., a few miles) of the driver's present location. The present location of the driver may be manually entered into the driving directions system by the driver, or automatically determined using a global positioning system (“GPS”) receiver. As the vehicle moves from its present location, the driving directions system loads into memory new names from the mass media storage and overwrites, if necessary, those which are now geographically out of range. Based on the current location of the driving, the driving directions system can audibly output geographic names from the run-time memory.

Abstract: Examples of paralinguistic events (e.g., breaths, coughs, sighs, etc.) are recorded. A text-to-speech (“TTS”) engine may insert the examples into a stream of synthetic speech using, for example, markup. The synthetic speech may include a combination of normal text and paralinguistic text.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for improving the intelligibility of speech output by a speech synthesizer by determining if uncommon words exist in the text, and if it is determined that an uncommon word exists in the text, pausing the output of the synthesized speech of the uncommon word to offset the uncommon word from its surrounding speech.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for expressive text-to-speech which include identifying text to convert to speech, selecting a speech style sheet from a set of available speech style sheets, the speech style sheet defining desired speech characteristics, marking the text to associate the text with the selected speech style sheet, and converting the text to speech having the desired speech characteristics by applying a low level markup associated with the speech style sheet.

Abstract: Systems and methods for speech synthesis and, in particular, text-to-speech systems and methods for converting a text input to a synthetic waveform by processing prosodic and phonetic content of a spoken example of the text input to accurately mimic the input speech style and pronunciation. Systems and methods provide an interface to a TTS system to allow a user to input a text string and a spoken utterance of the text string, extract prosodic parameters from the spoken input, and process the prosodic parameters to derive corresponding markup for the text input to enable a more natural sounding synthesized speech.