Abstract: An analyte stage for use in a spectroscopy system includes a tunable resonant cavity that is capable of resonating electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths less than about 10,000 nanometers, a substrate at least partially disposed within the cavity, and a Raman signal-enhancing structure at least partially disposed within the tunable resonant cavity. A spectroscopy system includes such an analyte stage, a radiation source, and a radiation detector. Methods for performing Raman spectroscopy include using such analyte stages and systems to tune a resonant cavity to resonate Raman scattered radiation that is scattered by an analyte.

Abstract: A printhead includes a substrate with an ink feed aperture extending from a first surface to a second surface and a plurality of heater resistors disposed on it. Primitive groupings of the resistors are coupled to associated group power sources. An ink barrier layer is deposited on the substrate to create ink firing chambers for each resistor. One wall of the ink barrier has a constricted opening through which ink is supplied from the ink feed aperture. A plurality of transistors are disposed in the substrate with each transistor output coupled to an associated one of the resistors and each input coupled to one of a plurality of addressing signal lines. The number of addressing signal lines is equal to the number of resistors in a primitive grouping.

Abstract: A "barrier reef" configuration, comprising a plurality of cays, or pillars, is provided, each pillar associated with the entrance to a firing chamber in a thermal ink-jet printhead. Each firing chamber is formed in a photopolymer layer, together with an associated barrier inlet channel that fluidically communicates with a common ink refill channel which acts as a common reservoir to the each firing chamber, in which resides a resistor element. When energized, the resistor element fires a droplet of ink toward a print medium. Over each resistor element is a nozzle, formed in an orifice plate, for firing the droplets of ink orthogonal to the resistor element. The pillars, which are positioned near the ink refill channel, serve to support the orifice plate and act as pillars between the substrate and the orifice plate, thereby avoiding any pinching effect that would otherwise occur for an unsupported region.