Abstract: A magnetic flux fluid treating device for minimizing the discharge of hydrocarbons from internal combustion engines, eradicating scale and inhibiting its formation in water conduits and water handling equipment is formed by a coaxial soft iron tubular assembly connected with the units containing the fluid to be treated. Magnetic flux field generating units are interposed in the annuli formed by the tubular members and define lateral limits of the annuli fluid passageways. The flux field forms a south monopole and a north monopole of the innermost and outermost tubes of the assembly and a repelling force flux field in the passageways and fluid normal to the direction of flow and the coaxes of the tube assembly.

Abstract: A direct current motor having an armature axially supported between magnetic pole plates having opposing pairs of pole shoes extending in interdigital parallel opposition with respect to the periphery of the armature between the pole plates adjacent the armature, is energized by direct current through a pair of coils interposed between and connected with the magnetic pole plates. The respective ends of selected pole shoes are connected with pole plates of like polarity magnetic flux and similarly the remaining of pole shoes are connected at their respective ends with pole plates of opposite polarity magnetic flux density. Wiring and electrical current controls connect a DC source to the coils and armature for providing a maximum torque and speed drive shaft with a minimum of ampere drain from the DC source.

Abstract: A direct current motor having an armature supported between magnetic pole plates having pairs of dual pole shoes extending between the plates in diametric opposition with respect to the periphery of the armature is energized by direct current through a pair of iron coil cores at opposite sides of the armature and connected with the magnetic pole plates. In other embodiments, the magnetic flux pattern facing the armature is longitudinally divided by a groove in the respective pole of the pairs of pole shoes facing the armature. Wiring and electrical current controls connect a DC source to the coils and armature for operating the armature and providing a selected torque with a minimum of ampere drain from the DC source.

Abstract: A direct current motor having one or more armatures supported between magnetic pole plates having pairs of pole pieces extending, in diametric opposition with respect to the periphery of an armature between the plates adjacent the perimeter of the armature or armatures, and is energized by direct current through one or more iron coil cores interposed between and connected with the magnetic pole plates. Wiring and electrical current controls connect a DC source to the coils and armatures for selectively operating the armatures and providing a selected torque with a minimum of ampere drain from the DC source.

Abstract: A permanent magnet motor having a plurality of armatures supported between magnetic pole pieces energized by one or more permanent magnets interposed between the magnetic pole pieces. Wiring and electrical current controls connect a DC source to the armature commutators for selectively operating the armatures at a predetermined rpm and providing a selected torque with a minimum of ampere drain from the DC source.

Abstract: A direct current motor having a plurality of armatures supported between magnetic pole pieces energized by direct current through one or more iron core coils interposed between the magnetic pole pieces. Wiring and electrical current controls connect a DC source to the coil or coils and armatures for selectively operating the armatures at a predetermined rpm and providing a selected torque with a minimum of ampere drain from the DC source.

Abstract: In a high starting torque concentric rotor D.C. magnetic motor the back e.m.f. is greatly reduced by reducing the area of magnetic flux acting on the rotors to an arc of the respective rotor circumference spanning the number of the rotor segments spanned by the respective rotor brush contacting the commutator segments. A pair of parallel magnetic pole plates of opposite polarity are energized by a coil extending therebetween. Both rotors are supported adjacent one pole plate with their axis normal to the pole plate and in axial alignment with the coil. A plurality of equally spaced pole pieces, connected with a respective pole plate, extend in interdigitated relation parallel with the axis of the rotors in the spacing therebetween and in close spaced relation with respect to the inner peripheral portions of the outer rotor and circumferential portions of the inner rotor periphery.

Abstract: In a high starting torque D.C. magnetic motor the back e.m.f. is greatly reduced by reducing the area of magnetic flux acting on the rotor to an arc of the rotor circumference spanning the number of the rotor segments spanned by the respective rotor brush contacting the cooperating commutator segments. At least one rotor is coaxially supported adjacent and in axial alignment with coaxial apertures in parallel spaced-apart nonmagnetic end plates. A plurality of equally spaced elongated permanent magnets, connected with the respective end plate, extend parallel with the axis of the rotor and in close spaced relation with respect to circumferential portions of its periphery.

Abstract: At least one armature is supported between parallel magnetic pole plates of opposite polarity energized by a coil extending therebetween. A plurality of equally spaced finger-like pole pieces, connected with the respective pole plate, extend toward the opposite pole plate in interdigitated relation parallel with the axis of the armature and in close spaced relation with respect to circumferential portions of its periphery.