Abstract: Processes and systems for generating images of a subterranean formation from recorded seismic data obtained in a marine survey are described. Processes and systems compute reverse-time receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields at different locations of corresponding upgoing and downgoing observation levels based on the recorded seismic data. The reverse-time receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields are time forwarded and extrapolated to obtain a corresponding receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields at locations of a static observation level. An image of the subterranean formation is generated based at least in part on the receiver-motion-corrected upgoing pressure wavefield and the receiver-motion-corrected downgoing pressure wavefield.

Abstract: Processes and systems for deblending blended seismic data with attenuated source signatures and free-surface effects are described. The blended seismic data may have been recorded in a marine survey in which multiple sources are activated in the body of water above a subterranean formation. Receivers record overlapping pressure and vertical velocity wavefield responses from the subterranean formation as corresponding blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield. Processes and systems compute an upgoing pressure wavefield and a downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on the blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield. Deblended primary pressure wavefields are computed based on the upgoing pressure and downgoing vertical velocity. The deblended primary pressure wavefields may be used to generate images of the subterranean formation that are substantially free of source signatures and free-surface effects.

Abstract: The current disclosure is directed to methods and systems to determine properties of a subterranean formation located below a body of water. The methods and systems compute synthetic pressure and velocity vector wavefields that represent acoustic energy interactions within a model environment that comprises a model body of water located above a model subterranean formation. The model environment is separated into a stationary region and a time-varying region. The methods and systems include determining properties of the subterranean formation by iteratively adjusting the model environment to approximate the actual subterranean formation. The model environment is iteratively adjusted until a minimum difference between the synthetic pressure and velocity vector wavefields computed for each change to the model environment and actual pressure and velocity wave fields obtained from a marine seismic survey of the subterranean formation is achieved.

Abstract: Processes and systems for deblending blended seismic data with attenuated source signatures and free-surface effects are described. The blended seismic data may have been recorded in a marine survey in which multiple sources are activated in the body of water above a subterranean formation. Receivers record overlapping pressure and vertical velocity wavefield responses from the subterranean formation as corresponding blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield. Processes and systems compute an upgoing pressure wavefield and a downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on the blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield. Deblended primary pressure wavefields are computed based on the upgoing pressure and downgoing vertical velocity. The deblended primary pressure wavefields may be used to generate images of the subterranean formation that are substantially free of source signatures and free-surface effects.

Abstract: Processes and systems for generating images of a subterranean formation from recorded seismic data obtained in a marine survey are described. Processes and systems compute reverse-time receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields at different locations of corresponding upgoing and downgoing observation levels based on the recorded seismic data. The reverse-time receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields are time forwarded and extrapolated to obtain a corresponding receiver-motion-corrected upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields at locations of a static observation level. An image of the subterranean formation is generated based at least in part on the receiver-motion-corrected upgoing pressure wavefield and the receiver-motion-corrected downgoing pressure wavefield.

Abstract: The current disclosure is directed to methods and systems to determine properties of a subterranean formation located below a body of water. The methods and systems compute synthetic pressure and velocity vector wavefields that represent acoustic energy interactions within a model environment that comprises a model body of water located above a model subterranean formation. The model environment is separated into a stationary region and a time-varying region. The methods and systems include determining properties of the subterranean formation by iteratively adjusting the model environment to approximate the actual subterranean formation. The model environment is iteratively adjusted until a minimum difference between the synthetic pressure and velocity vector wavefields computed for each change to the model environment and actual pressure and velocity wave fields obtained from a marine seismic survey of the subterranean formation is achieved.