Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for generating in vitro wood. The method can comprise culturing a plurality of wood forming plant cells; encapsulating the plurality of wood forming plant cells in one or more hydrogels; developing one or more bioinks; and generating structures comprising the one or more bioinks. The one or more bioinks can comprise one or more plant cell culture medium components. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of wood forming plant cells are cambial meristematic cells, and can include genetically modified plant cells. The one or more bioinks can be configured to be loaded into a bioprinting system, which can generate the structures via an extrusion based method. The generated structures can be incubated to induce wood formation, monitored, and tested for superior material properties.

Abstract: Methods and devices for in vitro shoot growth, cutting shoots, root growth and formation of a stably growing and robust complete plants utilizing liquid culture medium and subsequently transfer to ex vitro conditions by a robotic device or other automated means are disclosed. It may comprise a temporary-immersion bioreactor system, in vitro fixtures for shoots, a holder for shoot fixtures, a cutting device and a rooting tube.