Abstract: Low power MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) radiation is used to non-invasively record molecular activity in a biological object such as a brain. Low power MASER radiation is also used to neuromodulate molecular targets via Rabi coupling, resulting for example in conformational and function change in specific molecular targets such as ligand-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ion channels, G-proteins, or dopamine receptors. The method can be used to change the energy state of targeted molecules via energization or enervation, or to ablate targeted molecules.

Abstract: A method of using deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treating mental disorders associated with high connectivity in brain circuits, such as cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits, is provided. The method comprises providing a first electrical signal having a first frequency to a first electrode implanted at a first location within a brain circuit and providing a second electrical signal having a second frequency to a second electrode implanted at a second location within the brain circuit. The first frequency and the second frequency are unequal.

Abstract: A phased-array MASER detector for synthetic aperture interferometric three-dimensional imaging. The detector elements, for example 102-106 zero bias Schottky detector diodes with sufficient sensitivity to reliably detect various values of MASER radiation, are arranged in layers offset in three dimensions. The phased-array MASER detector is particularly useful for detecting characteristics in a biological object using low energy (2-10 Watts), coherent MASER radiation. MASER intensity data of an interferometric pattern is collected by the detector array, is deconvolved, and is used to generate three-dimensional energy activity maps for a given time slice or on a time-shifting basis.

Abstract: A MASER (Microwave Amplified Stimulated Emission of Radiation) emitter is fabricated of thin film components, including a thin film of nitrogen-implanted, epitaxial crystal diamond. The MASER elements can also include a controllable Q-switching layer and be arranged in a thin panel, phased array to generate a single beam of coherent, mode-locked, continuous wave MASER radiation.

Abstract: Low power MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) radiation is used to non-invasively record molecular activity in a biological object such as a brain. Low power MASER radiation is also used to neuromodulate molecular targets via Rabi coupling, resulting for example in conformational and function change in specific molecular targets such as ligand-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ion channels, G-proteins, or dopamine receptors. The method can be used to change the energy state of targeted molecules via energization or enervation, or to ablate targeted molecules.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling brain activity are provided. In some aspects, a method for controlling a synchrony in brain activity of a subject is provided. The method includes positioning stimulators to stimulate a first region and a second region of a subject's brain, and selecting a pulsed stimulation sequence comprising a first stimulation to the first region and a second stimulation to the second region, wherein the stimulations are timed to be substantially concurrent and separated by a phase lag. The method also includes delivering the pulsed stimulation sequence, using the stimulators, to control a synchrony between the first region and the second region at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A method of using deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treating mental disorders associated with high connectivity in brain circuits, such as cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits, is provided. The method comprises providing a first electrical signal having a first frequency to a first electrode implanted at a first location within a brain circuit and providing a second electrical signal having a second frequency to a second electrode implanted at a second location within the brain circuit. The first frequency and the second frequency are unequal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling brain activity are provided. In some aspects, a method for controlling a synchrony in brain activity of a subject is provided. The method includes positioning stimulators to stimulate a first region and a second region of a subject's brain, and selecting a pulsed stimulation sequence comprising a first stimulation to the first region and a second stimulation to the second region, wherein the stimulations are timed to be substantially concurrent and separated by a phase lag. The method also includes delivering the pulsed stimulation sequence, using the stimulators, to control a synchrony between the first region and the second region at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for stimulating the brain of a patient to treat a medical condition. In some aspects, a method includes positioning a stimulating device comprising electrical contacts configured to electrically stimulate locations associated with a patient's brain, and initiating a rehabilitation process to include the patient performing a task. The method also includes acquiring feedback from the patient at least while the patient is performing the task, generating, based on the acquired feedback, electrical stimulations to treat the medical condition of the patient. In some aspects, the method further includes generating a report indicative of a patient performance.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein include an external base station with a tethered transceiver, an implanted hub that includes power, telemetry, and processing electronics, and a plurality of implanted satellite that contain reconfigurable front-end electronics for interfacing with electrodes. The system can operate in different modes. In a first mode, called a base boost mode, the external base station is used for closed-loop control of stimulation therapies. In a second, autonomous mode, closed-loop control is performed in the hub without direct influence from the base station. In a third mode, streams of neural data are transmitted to an offline processor for offline analysis.

Abstract: A system and method for stimulating a brain structure of a patient for treating a condition. A stimulating electrode is inserted into a brain structure of the patient. After inserting the stimulating electrode into a brain structure of the patient, the patient is prompted with a task. When the task is completed by the patient, the stimulating electrode is used to transmit a stimulating signal into the brain structure of the patient. In an alternative implementation, the patient's brain is monitored for the existence of a particular condition. When the condition is detected, the stimulating electrode is used to transmit a stimulating signal into the brain structure of the patient.

Abstract: A visual prosthesis and methods of allowing a subject to view visual information from an artificial source are provided. The visual prosthesis has one or more electrodes operative to deliver electrical signals to a lateral geniculate nucleus of a mammal, a power supply operative to provide power to the electrodes, a visual information translator operatively connected to the electrode array, and a visual sensor operatively connected to the visual information translator. The visual prosthesis is operative to translate visual information into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to electrodes to stimulate brain activity to recognize visual information.

Abstract: A visual prosthesis and methods of allowing a subject to view visual information from an artificial source are provided. The visual prosthesis has one or more electrodes operative to deliver electrical signals to a lateral geniculate nucleus of a mammal, a power supply operative to provide power to the electrodes, a visual information translator operatively connected to the electrode array, and a visual sensor operatively connected to the visual information translator. The visual prosthesis is operative to translate visual information into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to electrodes to stimulate brain activity to recognize visual information.