Abstract: An encrypted tunnel is established between a virtual private network (VPN) server and a VPN user device. A request to establish a connection with a target device is received from the VPN user device. The request uses initial connection parameters. The connection the converted into a first connection between the VPN user device and the VPN server and a second connection between the VPN server and the target device. The first connection uses first connection parameters and the second connection uses second connection parameters. At least one parameter of the first connection parameters or of the second connection parameters is different from a corresponding parameter of the initial connection parameters. First network packets received from the VPN user device according to the first connection parameters are converted into second network packets according to the second connection parameters. The second network packets are transmitted to the target device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for effectively managing security and privacy measures during a user's connectivity session with a VPN service are provided. The systems and methods use a computer program that introduces a double-NAT feature at the network layer and a temporary hash table containing the minimally necessary temporary data to link two NAT sessions together in a secure manner.

Abstract: The method and system detects if proxies are used by a user from a web server's side. The method and system uses HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 protocols and, more precisely, the ping frames to test the round trip time of messages between a web server and a user. At the same time, a web server uses an Internet Control Message Protocol echo requests to measure the round trip time to an IP address. A web server can then compare, aggregate, and analyze different round trip times and determine if they are coming from different sources, i.e. if a user is using a proxy server. A web server can make decisions based on the comparison of round trip times. For example, a difference in a single user's round trip times may trigger a restrictive user policy at the web server's end and a web server can decide to return the requested content, return an error message, or ban them and similarly limit services.

Abstract: Systems and methods of web crawling/scraping process implementation are extended and target the web crawling process by submitting a request by a last-mile proxy to a web target. The systems and methods allow a request for a web crawler to be directed toward the target content platform through a proxy, or a plurality of proxies, for the purpose of optimizing the processing of the request. In at least one aspect, the systems and methods disclosed mitigate the potential for a negative evaluation of the requests by the content platform targeted through introducing the transfer of the execution of the steps within a scraping flow within the last-mile proxy system, thus aligning both network and application layer responses to the tests described.

Abstract: A method for improving VPN service transmission quality is disclosed where end-to-end TCP connections, occurring over a VPN tunnel, are terminated at the VPN concentrator and converted into multi-part TCP connections with MSS parameter set independently for each part of the connectivity. To facilitate the termination and multi-part connection management a packet processing software may be implemented as part of the VPN concentrator functionality or as an independent component.

Abstract: A method for improving VPN service transmission quality is disclosed where end-to-end TCP connections, occurring over a VPN tunnel, are terminated at the VPN concentrator and converted into multi-part TCP connections with MSS parameter set independently for each part of the connectivity. To facilitate the termination and multi-part connection management a packet processing software may be implemented as part of the VPN concentrator functionality or as an independent component.