Abstract: Transdermal sampling and analysis devices, methods, and systems are provided. The transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a base structure with a disruptor and a first electrode array, a lid structure with a second electrode array, and an adhesive structure containing a hole to direct interstitial fluid to at least one of the first and second electrode arrays. The device may also include at least one conductive trace configured for external connection to one or more of a voltage/current source and a current detector, and an electrically conductive material that passes through a hole in the adhesive layer, providing a conductive path between the base structure and the lid structure. Methods and systems for manufacturing a plurality of biosensing chips that may be used in the transdermal sampling and analysis devices are also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of an analyte in a biological fluid sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological fluid sample; a sensing element comprising at least two sensing electrodes, and at least one layer of a cofactor covering the sensing element in which the cofactor catalyzes a reaction to determine levels of an analyte in the biological fluid sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism. The surface of at least one of the sensing electrodes of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be coated with a sensing layer in which an enzyme immobilized within a hydrogel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of an analyte in a biological fluid sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological fluid sample; a sensing element comprising at least two sensing electrodes, and at least one layer of a cofactor covering the sensing element in which the cofactor catalyzes a reaction to determine levels of an analyte in the biological fluid sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism. The surface of at least one of the sensing electrodes of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be coated with a sensing layer in which an enzyme immobilized within a hydrogel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of a target analyte in a biological sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological sample, at least two electrodes, and an electrochemical bioassay configured to determine levels of a target analyte in the biological sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be configured to generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism.

Abstract: Transdermal sampling and analysis devices, methods, and systems are provided. The transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, at least a first sensing electrode and a second sensing electrode, a counter/reference electrode, and a plurality of well areas between a base structure and a lid structure. The at least one disruptor may be configured to generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a subject's skin. The plurality of well areas may be configured to receive a biological fluid sample. Within each well area, the first sensing electrode may be coated with a first analyte sensing layer, the second sensing electrode may be coated with a second analyte sensing layer different from the first analyte sensing layer, and the counter/reference electrode may be configured to be electrically connected to each of the first and second sensing electrodes.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of a target analyte in a biological sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological sample, at least two electrodes, and an electrochemical bioassay configured to determine levels of a target analyte in the biological sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be configured to generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of an analyte in a biological fluid sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological fluid sample; a sensing element comprising at least two sensing electrodes, and at least one layer of a cofactor covering the sensing element in which the cofactor catalyzes a reaction to determine levels of an analyte in the biological fluid sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism. The surface of at least one of the sensing electrodes of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be coated with a sensing layer in which an enzyme immobilized within a hydrogel.

Abstract: A self leveling warning light for vehicles employing a light assembly that is pivotedly secured to an inner surface of a vehicle window by a mounting base suction cup. The light assembly has a plurality of LEDs whose intensity is amplified by a reflector and focused by an optical lens providing light emission in distances exceeding one mile with minimal battery drain. A control circuit having a power source is mounted within said light assembly and electrically coupled to the LEDs, the control circuit controlling four red LEDs separated by a centrally located yellow LED, the four red LEDs alternate on and off at sync rate of approximately 500 ms and the yellow LED turns on for about 750 ms and off for about 1 second. The light assembly maintaining directional pointing of the LEDs in a horizontal plane when the mounting base is moved between vertical and horizontal orientations by gravity weighting of the light assembly.

Abstract: A self leveling warning light for vehicles employing a light assembly that is pivotedly secured to an inner surface of a vehicle window by a mounting base suction cup. The light assembly has a plurality of LEDs whose intensity is amplified by a reflector and focused by an optical lens providing light emission in distances exceeding one mile with minimal battery drain. A control circuit having a power source is mounted within said light assembly and electrically coupled to the LEDs, the control circuit controlling four red LEDs separated by a centrally located yellow LED, the four red LEDs alternate on and off at sync rate of approximately 500 ms and the yellow LED turns on for about 750 ms and off for about 1 second. The light assembly maintaining directional pointing of the LEDs in a horizontal plane when the mounting base is moved between vertical and horizontal orientations by gravity weighting of the light assembly.

Abstract: An emergency light system that includes a housing that is easily mounted in a conventional power outlet box. The system includes a night light within the housing that is automatically actuated by a low level of ambient light. The automatic activation can be disabled by a manual switch. In the event of a power failure the night light can be automatically illuminated by a rechargeable battery power supply. The housing also serves as a support and source of electricity for a portable, handheld, rechargeable flashlight. The lighting system provides clear system indicators to help maintain the system in an easy to access and easy to maintain operational condition. The housing also includes a pass through AC outlet to act as a source of electricity for an additional electrical appliance.

Abstract: A digitally implemented central dictation system wherein users designated as dictators may input Voice Files for later retrieval and transcription by a second group of users designated as transcriptionists. A system Supervisor has the capability to monitor operation of the system and allocate system resources. The system further includes an optional Voice Mail capability wherein selected dictators may input Voice Files for later retrieval by designated other dictators. The system further includes a plurality of telephone-like input/output devices used by system users for input and output of voice messages, which devices further include DTMF generators for input of command signals. Still further the system includes a Supervisory station for use by the system Supervisor in monitoring system activity and allocation of system resources, which station further includes a CRT type display and keyboard, and a printer for output of hardcopy reports by the system.

Abstract: An integrated records management system having the capability to record and transcribe dictation. The system is particularly useful for the prompt and efficient management of patient's medical records. The system includes a digital dictation sub-system with a number of dictation input units and a number of transcription output units. The dictation system receives dictation jobs corresponding to reports, and particularly medical reports and stores them as voice files for later output for review of transcription. Job records containing information about the dictation jobs is transmitted to a database server which manages and maintains a database of medical records. The transcription output terminals together with word processing stations connected to the data base server form work stations for transcriptionists.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating, and storing for later retrieval, selected voice messages in response to selected verbal input trigger phrases. The voice signals including predetermined trigger phrases are transmitted from an input device such as a multiline telephone to a voice recognition system. The voice recognition system associates the trigger phrases with predetermined blocks of text message and in response to a sequence of trigger phrases, creates a report. The text is then output to a voice synthesizer system for the creation of synthetic voice signals corresponding to the full text of the report and the synthetic voice signals are output to a voice storage and forward system for later retrieval. The system also provides a printed copy of the full text of the report.

Abstract: A digital dictation system having plural ports through which dictate and transcribe stations may be connected to a central store via respective dictate and transcribe channels for recording and transcribing messages. The transcribe port may be selectively conditioned, as by operating a manual selector, for enabling a dictate station to be connected therethrough to carry out dictate operations with the central store. Upon release of the port by the dictate station, the port reverts to its normal transcribe condition. By providing at least two ports, separate dictate and transcribe operations may be carried out concurrently on the same message. A dictator may review and edit a portion of the message which has already been transcribed by the transciptionist, whereupon the system automatically conditions the transcribe apparatus to play back the edit.

Abstract: A system for storing and forwarding voice signals. The system provides for central, digital storage of voice signals for later access by addressee system users. When addresses access a previously stored voice signal they have the capability to incrementally construct a reply by "toggeling" between a playback state, to listen to the previously stored signal and a record state to record at least a partial response. In another embodiment originators of voice signals have the capability to edit signals after storage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for storing and forwarding voice signals wherein a user has increased control and flexibility in distributing voice signals. In one embodiment the originator of a stored voice signal may restrict an addressee's ability to forward a message to other users. In another, the originator may limit the addressee's ability to use the voice store and forward system until such time as the addressee responds to a stored voice signal.

Abstract: A dictation system having two or more recording units, each selectively operable as a dictation unit or a transcription unit, and including a selector for selecting a respective unit for recording or transcription. A unit selected for recording dictation is enabled if a record medium therein is ready, or initialized, for recording; otherwise the unit is enabled for transcription. While one unit operates to record dictation, the other may operate simultaneously to transcribe previously recorded dictation. In a system having at least three recording units, at least two are identified with respective, particular identities and the third is designated a spare recording unit. After a predetermined amount of dictation has been recorded on any one of the identified recording units, further dictation destined for that identified unit is recorded on the spare unit, and the identity of the spare unit is charged over to be equal to the identity of the recording unit for which dictation had been intended.

Abstract: A dictation transcription system having a recording/playback module and a display module which are detachably connectable to form an integral structure. The display module provides a visual display of the length, locations and types of messages by storing and utilizing display data. This display data is generated during a dictate operation and, when dictation is "finished", the display data is recorded on the record medium. Subsequently, and preferably, prior to transcription of the dictated messages, the record medium is scanned for the display data which then controls a transcriptionist's display module to reproduce the visual indication originally derived during dictation.

Abstract: A programmable telephone/dictation terminal that can be disposed in any one of several different modes of operation including, but not limited to, dictating information onto a recorder, communicating over a telephone network, recording incoming messages received via a telephone line, preventing a telephone dial out operation and communicating "text" messages with a supervisory console. The terminal is provided with several programmable keys each being assignable by the terminal user with a particular function such that, upon the simple operation of that key, the assigned function is carried out. The user may change the function to which a particular programmed key is assigned, as desired.

Abstract: A display for providing visual indications of the lengths of recorded messages, the positions of recorded instructions and the present relative location of a record medium. Three separate arrays are provided for these indications, respectively. Each recorded message may be a letter, note, memo, etc., and is indicated by steady-state energization of segments included in a first (letter) array. "Priority" messages are represented by a distinctive indication, such as by flashing the appropriate segments in that array. Similarly, "normal" and "special" instructions are represented by two different, distinctive indications, such as steady-state and flashing energization of particular segments in a second (instruction) array.