Abstract: An imaging system connected to an occupant monitoring system includes communications with an apparatus for measuring gas or airborne compound concentrations in a vehicle cabin. The apparatus includes a housing configured as a flow tube in fluid communication with ambient air in the vehicle cabin. A spectrometer is mounted within the housing and subject to ambient air flow through the housing, and the spectrometer is connected to a light source and receives reflected light from the air flow to detect by spectrum analysis the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds. The spectrometer identifies spectral changes in the light and reflected light within the ambient air flow. The spectrometer communicates with computerized vehicle control systems, and runs software stored to calculate the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds from the spectral changes.

Abstract: An imaging system connected to an occupant monitoring system includes communications with an apparatus for measuring gas or airborne compound concentrations in a vehicle cabin. The apparatus includes a housing configured as a flow tube in fluid communication with ambient air in the vehicle cabin. A spectrometer is mounted within the housing and subject to ambient air flow through the housing, and the spectrometer is connected to a light source and receives reflected light from the air flow to detect by spectrum analysis the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds. The spectrometer identifies spectral changes in the light and reflected light within the ambient air flow. The spectrometer communicates with computerized vehicle control systems, and runs software stored to calculate the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds from the spectral changes.

Abstract: An imaging system connected to an occupant monitoring system includes communications with an apparatus for measuring gas or airborne compound concentrations in a vehicle cabin. The apparatus includes a housing configured as a flow tube in fluid communication with ambient air in the vehicle cabin. A spectrometer is mounted within the housing and subject to ambient air flow through the housing, and the spectrometer is connected to a light source and receives reflected light from the air flow to detect by spectrum analysis the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds. The spectrometer identifies spectral changes in the light and reflected light within the ambient air flow. The spectrometer communicates with computerized vehicle control systems, and runs software stored to calculate the concentration of target gases and/or airborne compounds from the spectral changes.

Abstract: A box 14 having a body 13 is used with a transparent flexible bag containing a liquid such as an IV bag. First and second faces 12 are positioned relative to each other. The faces each have therewithin an end or fiber optic port 11 of a respective light path. A light source is optically coupled with the light path of the first face and a spectrometer is optically coupled with the light path of the second face. The light paths are coaxial and are disposed so that the transparent flexible bag is positionable therebetween. The spectrometer is disposed to detect an anomaly in the liquid within the transparent flexible bag, and to annunciate the anomaly to a human user. The box defines a reproducible light path length through the liquid. A caliper 29 having a body 22 may be used in spectrometric analysis of a transparent tube containing a liquid such as a syringe or an IV line. The caliper has finger pads 27 which permit opening the spring-loaded caliper as needed.

Abstract: A system for predicting blood constituent values in a patient includes a remote wireless non-invasive spectral device, the remote wireless non-invasive spectral device generating a spectral scan of a body part of the patient. Also included are a remote invasive device and a central processing device. The remote invasive device generates a constituent value for the patient, while the central processing device predicts a blood constituent value for the patient based upon the spectral scan and the constituent value.

Abstract: An individualized modeling equation for predicting a patient's blood glucose values is generated as a function of non-invasive spectral scans of a body part and an analysis of blood samples from the patient, and is stored on a central computer. The central computer predicts a blood glucose value for the patient as a function of the individualized modeling equation and a non-invasive spectral scan generated by a remote spectral device. If the spectral scan falls within the range of the modeling equation, the predicted blood glucose level is output to the patient. If the spectral scan falls outside the range of the modeling equation, regeneration of the model is required, and the patient takes a number of noninvasive scans and an invasive blood glucose level determination. The computer regenerates the individualized modeling equation as a function of the set of spectral scans and corresponding blood glucose values.

Abstract: A hemispherical detector comprising a plurality of photodetectors arranged in a substantially contiguous array, the array being substantially in the shape of a half-sphere, the half-sphere defining a closed end and an open end, the open end defining a substantially circular face. Also provided is a method for constructing a hemispherical detector comprising the steps of making a press mold of the desired shape of the hemispherical detector, pouring a material into the press mold to form a cast, finishing the cast to remove any defects, coating the cast with a coating material, and attaching a plurality of photodetectors to the cast.

Abstract: A hemispherical detector comprising a plurality of photodetectors arranged in a substantially contiguous array, the array being substantially in the shape of a half-sphere, the half-sphere defining a closed end and an open end, the open end defining a substantially circular face. Also provided is a method for constructing a hemispherical detector comprising the steps of making a press mold of the desired shape of the hemispherical detector, pouring a material into the press mold to form a cast, finishing the cast to remove any defects, coating the cast with a coating material, and attaching a plurality of photodetectors to the cast.

Abstract: An individualized modeling equation for predicting a patient's blood glucose values is generated as a function of non-invasive spectral scans of a body part and an analysis of blood samples from the patient, and is stored on a central computer. The central computer predicts a blood glucose value for the patient as a function of the individualized modeling equation and a non-invasive spectral scan generated by a remote spectral device. If the spectral scan falls within the range of the modeling equation, the predicted blood glucose level is output to the patient. If the spectral scan falls outside the range of the modeling equation, regeneration of the model is required, and the patient takes a number of noninvasive scans and an invasive blood glucose level determination. The computer regenerates the individualized modeling equation as a function of the set of spectral scans and corresponding blood glucose values.

Abstract: A device is provided which passes light of preselected wavelengths through a fluid, gas or vapor to be tested. The light is detected after it has passed through the fluid, gas or vapor. Upon detection, a voltage is created which is proportional in amplitude to the detected light strength for each wavelength of light. These voltages are compared to produce a ratio which represents the condition of the fluid, gas or vapor which is tested or the presence of an analyte of interest. When the ratio is outside of preselected boundaries, control signals are generated which may trigger alarms or otherwise respond to the condition. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the presence of carbon gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is detected in gases or vapors.

Abstract: A device is provided which passes light of preselected wavelengths through a fluid or vapor to be tested. The light is detected after it has passed through the fluid or vapor. Upon detection, a voltage is created which is proportional in amplitude to the detected light strength for each wavelength of light. These voltages are compared to produce a ratio which represents the condition of the fluid or vapor which is tested. When the ratio is outside of preselected boundaries, control signals are generated which may trigger alarms or otherwise respond to the condition.