Abstract: We propose a procedure for the determination of lactic acid or lactate in biological fluids, which is simple and low cost with respect to the known methodologies. This procedure can be used by unskilled personnel and it can be implemented in disposable test strips and portable measure devices. The procedure is based on the photochemical reaction of lactic acid with Fe(III), which is reduced to Fe(II) when irradiated with UV light. The Fe(II), produced proportionally to the amount of lactate in the sample, is determined electrochemically or using its reaction with a colored complexing agent, such as 1,10-phenanthroline, and determined by spectrophotometry. This method is advantageous both for the low cost of the reagents employed, and for their short and long term stability.

Abstract: We propose a procedure for the determination of lactic acid or lactate in biological fluids, which is simple and low cost with respect to the known methodologies. This procedure can be used by unskilled personnel and it can be implemented in disposable test strips and portable measure devices. The procedure is based on the photochemical reaction of lactic acid with Fe(III), which is reduced to Fe(II) when irradiated with UV light. The Fe(II), produced proportionally to the amount of lactate in the sample, is determined electrochemically or using its reaction with a colored complexing agent, such as 1,10-phenanthroline, and determined by spectrophotometry. This method is advantageous both for the low cost of the reagents employed, and for their short and long term stability.

Abstract: We propose a procedure for the determination of lactic acid or lactate in biological fluids, which is simple and low cost with respect to the known methodologies. This procedure can be used by unskilled personnel and it can be implemented in disposable test strips and portable measure devices. The procedure is based on the photochemical reaction of lactic acid with Fe(III), which is reduced to Fe(II) when irradiated with UV light. The Fe(II), produced proportionally to the amount of lactate in the sample, is determined electrochemically or using its reaction with a colored complexing agent, such as 1,10-phenanthroline, and determined by spectrophotometry. This method is advantageous both for the low cost of the reagents employed, and for their short and long term stability.

Abstract: We propose a procedure for the determination of lactic acid or lactate in biological fluids, which is simple and low cost with respect to the known methodologies. This procedure can be used by unskilled personnel and it can be implemented in disposable test strips and portable measure devices. The procedure is based on the photochemical reaction of lactic acid with Fe(III), which is reduced to Fe(II) when irradiated with UV light. The Fe(II), produced proportionally to the amount of lactate in the sample, is determined electrochemically or using its reaction with a colored complexing agent, such as 1,10-phenanthroline, and determined by spectrophotometry. This method is advantageous both for the low cost of the reagents employed, and for their short and long term stability.

Abstract: A method is described for detecting the gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme isoforms (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) in a sample of biological fluid, such as for example plasma or serum. The method comprises an HPLC separation step of the sample proteins based on the molecular size and a second step for detecting the GGT isoforms by post-column reaction with a GGT enzyme substrate capable of generating a detectable final product, preferably by spectrophotometric or fluorimetric means. The GGT isoforms can be separated by ultra-centrifugation, thereby obtaining three enzymatic isoforms characterized by molecular weights of approximately 2000, 940, and 140 KDa, respectively.

Abstract: A process for determining S-nitrosothiols, in particular S-nitrosoglutathione, in biological fluids that is easy, selective, cheap with respect to the prior art, which requires the use of equipment commonly available in laboratories, at low cost, which can be used by not qualified operators. The process is based on the hydrolysis of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) by an enzyme, in particular ?-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). This enzyme hydrolizes the residual ?-glutamyl of GSNO for giving glutamate (GIu) and S-nitroso-cysteinylglycine (GIyCySNO). In the presence of ions of transition metals GGT speeds up the release of NO since the intermediate that is formed, the GIyCySNO, is much more sensitive to a metal-dependent decomposition. Advantageously, the amount of nitric oxide present in the sample is measured through a reaction thereof with 4,5 diaminof luorescein (DAF-2), said reaction creating a fluorescent compound in an amount proportional to the S-nitrosothiol amount present in the sample.

Abstract: A method is described for detecting the gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme isoforms (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) in a sample of biological fluid, such as for example plasma or serum. The method comprises an HPLC separation step of the sample proteins based on the molecular size and a second step for detecting the GGT isoforms by post-column reaction with a GGT enzyme substrate capable of generating a detectable final product, preferably by spectrophotometric or fluorimetric means. The GGT isoforms can be separated by ultra-centrifugation, thereby obtaining three enzymatic isoforms characterised by molecular weights of approximately 2000, 940, and 140 KDa, respectively.