Abstract: Polymeric particles (e.g., charged polymeric particles or brush polymeric particles), methods of making polymeric particles, and uses thereof. The brush polymeric particles include polymeric brushes disposed at an exterior surface. The polymeric particles can be nanoparticles or microparticles. The polymeric particles can be capsules or solid particles. A capsule includes a polymeric shell. A solid particle or a polymeric shell may include polymeric materials and surfactants and/or surfactant precursors. A polymeric particle may include a positive charge on at least a portion of an exterior surface of the polymeric particle. At least a portion of the surfactant(s) and/or the surfactant precursor(s) can diffuse out of and/or can be released by the hydrolysis of at least a portion of the polymeric material(s). The polymeric particles can be used in oil recovery applications to deliver surfactant(s) and/or surfactant precursor(s) to oil reservoirs.

Abstract: Provided are fluorine-free, oleophobic layers including one more or polydimethylsiloxane resin layers. The layers can be disposed on a portion of or all of a surface of a substrate. Also provided are methods of making and using same.

Abstract: Provided are bitumen nanocomposites. The bitumen nanocomposites have one or more clay, one or more polymer composition, and bitumen. A polymer composition can have one or more polymer and one or more crumb rubber. A polymer may have one or more maleic anhydride group. The bitumen nanocomposites can be used in, for example, road surfacing products and roofing products.

Abstract: An ionic nanocomposite comprising a nanomaterial comprising charged groups disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the nanomaterial and a polymer material comprising charged pendant group and/or end functionalized charged groups, where the charged groups of the nanomaterial and the charged pendant groups of the polymer material have opposite charges and the nanomaterial and polymer material are connected by one or more ionic bonds. A nanomaterial can be nanoparticles comprising sulfate groups disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the nanoparticles. The polymer material can be a polymer with pendant imidazolium groups. An ionic nanocomposite can be present as a film (e.g., a thin film). An ionic nanocomposite can be used in devices. A nanocomposite can be used in various coating application.

Abstract: A stabilized emulsified acid composition for deep carbonate formation stimulation is provided. The stabilized acid emulsion composition includes a petroleum operable to provide a barrier between an acid and a reservoir rock, the acid operable to react with the reservoir rock to dissolve the reservoir rock and produce a wormhole, a functional framework operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, an emulsifier operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, and a corrosion inhibitor operable to provide protection against corrosion for the metal components of a well. The petroleum can be diesel. The acid can be hydrochloric acid. The functional framework can be selected from the group comprising surface-modified clay-based material, zeolites, hybrid organic-inorganic materials, covalent-organic framework materials, and boron nitride nanotubes, and combinations thereof. The functional framework can be a surface-modified clay material selected from an organoclay.

Abstract: Amine functional solid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture and sequestration may be prepared from metal oxide foam solid sorbent supports by treating an appropriate metal oxide foam solid sorbent support with an amine material. Desirable are metal oxide foam solid sorbent supports with a foam structure and morphology at least substantially absent hollow sphere, layered sphere, wormlike and amorphous structure and morphology components. The amine materials may be sorbed into the metal oxide foam solid sorbent support, or alternatively chemically bonded, such as but not limited to covalently bonded, to the metal oxide foam solid sorbent support.

Abstract: A stabilized emulsified acid composition for deep carbonate formation stimulation is provided. The stabilized acid emulsion composition includes a petroleum operable to provide a barrier between an acid and a reservoir rock, the acid operable to react with the reservoir rock to dissolve the reservoir rock and produce a wormhole, a functional framework operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, an emulsifier operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, and a corrosion inhibitor operable to provide protection against corrosion for the metal components of a well. The petroleum can be diesel. The acid can be hydrochloric acid. The functional framework can be selected from the group comprising surface-modified clay-based material, zeolites, hybrid organic-inorganic materials, covalent-organic framework materials, and boron nitride nanotubes, and combinations thereof. The functional framework can be a surface-modified clay material selected from an organoclay.

Abstract: A stabilized emulsified acid composition for deep carbonate formation stimulation is provided. The stabilized acid emulsion composition includes a petroleum operable to provide a barrier between an acid and a reservoir rock, the acid operable to react with the reservoir rock to dissolve the reservoir rock and produce a wormhole, a functional framework operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, an emulsifier operable to stabilize the stabilized acid emulsion, and a corrosion inhibitor operable to provide protection against corrosion for the metal components of a well. The petroleum can be diesel. The acid can be hydrochloric acid. The functional framework can be selected from the group comprising surface-modified clay-based material, zeolites, hybrid organic-inorganic materials, covalent-organic framework materials, and boron nitride nanotubes, and combinations thereof. The functional framework can be a surface-modified clay material selected from an organoclay.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition includes: a plurality of particles including a metal oxide as a principal component; and an organic solvent. A ratio (D90/D50) of a 90% cumulative diameter (D90) to a 50% cumulative diameter (D50) of the particles is no less than 1.0 and no greater than 1.3 as determined by a volumetric particle size distribution measurement according to dynamic light scattering with a 1% by mass dispersion at 25° C. prepared by dispersing the plurality of particles in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.

Abstract: A composition comprising mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles and free-radical producing enzyme (i.e., enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates), wherein the mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles have mesopores in which the free-radical-producing enzyme is embedded. Methods for synthesizing the enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates are also described. Processes that use said enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates for depolymerizing lignin, removing aromatic contaminants from water, and polymerizing monomers polymerizable by a free-radical reaction are also described.

Abstract: A composition comprising mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles and free-radical producing enzyme (i.e., enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates), wherein the mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles have mesopores in which the free-radical-producing enzyme is embedded. Methods for synthesizing the enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates are also described. Processes that use said enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates for depolymerizing lignin, removing aromatic contaminants from water, and polymerizing monomers polymerizable by a free-radical reaction are also described.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition includes a metal-containing component and an organic solvent. The metal-containing component includes particles including a metal oxide as a principal component. The metal-containing component includes at least two metal atoms which are different from one another, and a percentage content of the at least two metal atoms with respect to an entirety of metal atoms and metalloid atoms in the composition is no less than 50 atom %. The metal-containing component preferably includes: a first metal atom that is at least one selected from a titanium atom, a zirconium atom, a hafnium atom, a zinc atom, a tin atom and an indium atom; and a second metal atom that is at least one selected from a lanthanum atom and an yttrium atom.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition includes particles including a metal oxide as a principal component, and an organic solvent. A metal atom constituting the metal oxide includes a first metal atom that is a zinc atom, a boron atom, an aluminum atom, a gallium atom, a thallium atom, a germanium atom, an antimony atom, a bismuth atom, a tellurium atom, or a combination thereof. A percentage content of the first metal atom with respect to total metal atoms in the radiation-sensitive composition is no less than 50 atomic %. A pattern-forming method includes applying the radiation-sensitive composition to form a film on a substrate, exposing the film, and developing the film exposed.

Abstract: A nanoscale ionic material composition, such as but not limited to a nanoscale ionic solid material composition, a nanoscale ionic gel material composition or a nanoscale ionic liquid material composition, may be prepared using an acid/base reaction directly between: (1) one of an acid functional and a base functional inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core absent an organofunctional corona; and (2) a corresponding complementary one of a basic and acidic functional organic polymer material canopy. Desirably, the nanoscale ionic material composition is formed absent an intervening chemical functionalization process step with respect to the inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core that provides the corona, such as but not limited to a silane coupling agent chemical functionalization process step with respect to the inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core to provide the corona.

Abstract: A composition comprising mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles and free-radical producing enzyme (i.e., enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates), wherein the mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles have mesopores in which the free-radical-producing enzyme is embedded. Methods for synthesizing the enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates are also described. Processes that use said enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates for depolymerizing lignin, removing aromatic contaminants from water, and polymerizing monomers polymerizable by a free-radical reaction are also described.

Abstract: Compound containing at least 15% inorganic content demonstrates liquid-like behavior and is distinct in exhibiting liquid-like behavior in the absence of solvent. In one case it is quaternary ammonium derivative of a heteropolyacid. In another case, it is a salt formed by reaction of heteropolyacid and polyethylene glycol alkylamine. In other cases, it is condensation product of oxide and quaternary ammonium cation where the balancing anion has a molecular weight greater than 200. In still other cases it is a salt formed by reaction of sulfonated silica or sulfonated fullerene and polyethylene glycol alkylamine. In still other cases, it is a neutral organic-inorganic hybrid which is PEG-functionalized silica nanoparticle or is a layered-nanoparticle obtained by hydrolytic polymerization of organosilane in nonpolar solvent.

Abstract: Nanoparticle functionalized membranes, where the surface of the membranes is nanoparticle functionalized. The nanoparticles closest to the membrane surface are covalently bonded to the membrane surface. For example, the membranes are forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, or ultrafiltration membranes. The membranes can be used in devices or water purification methods.

Abstract: A nanoscale ionic material composition, such as but not limited to a nanoscale ionic solid material composition, a nanoscale ionic gel material composition or a nanoscale ionic liquid material composition, may be prepared using an acid/base reaction directly between: (1) one of an acid functional and a base functional inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core absent an organofunctional corona; and (2) a corresponding complementary one of a basic and acidic functional organic polymer material canopy. Desirably, the nanoscale ionic material composition is formed absent an intervening chemical functionalization process step with respect to the inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core that provides the corona, such as but not limited to a silane coupling agent chemical functionalization process step with respect to the inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle core to provide the corona.

Abstract: A composition comprising mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles and free-radical producing enzyme (i.e., enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates), wherein the mesoporous aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles have mesopores in which the free-radical-producing enzyme is embedded. Methods for synthesizing the enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates are also described. Processes that use said enzyme-bound mesoporous aggregates for depolymerizing lignin, removing aromatic contaminants from water, and polymerizing monomers polymerizable by a free-radical reaction are also described.

Abstract: Amine functional solid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture and sequestration may be prepared from metal oxide foam solid sorbent supports by treating an appropriate metal oxide foam solid sorbent support with an amine material. Desirable are metal oxide foam solid sorbent supports with a foam structure and morphology at least substantially absent hollow sphere, layered sphere, wormlike and amorphous structure and morphology components. The amine materials may be sorbed into the metal oxide foam solid sorbent support, or alternatively chemically bonded, such as but not limited to covalently bonded, to the metal oxide foam solid sorbent support.