Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of three phosphors, namely, Barium Magnesium Aluminate, Cerium Gadolinium Magnesium Borate, and Calcium Halophosphor.

Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of three phosphors, namely, blue luminescing Blue Halophosphor (BH), red-luminescing Cerium Gadolinium Magnesium Borate (CBTM), and 3000K-luminescing Calcium Halophosphor, also referred to as Warm White (WW).

Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of four phosphors, namely, blue luminescing Blue Halophosphor (BH), red-luminescing Yittrium Oxide (YOX), 3000K-luminescing Calcium Halophosphor, also referred to as Warm White (WW) and green-luminescing Zinc Silicate (ZS).

Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of four phosphors, namely, blue luminescing Blue Halophosphor (BH), red-luminescing Yittrium Oxide (YOX), 3000K-luminescing Calcium Halophosphor, also referred to as Warm White (WW) and green-luminescing Zinc Silicate (ZS).

Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of three phosphors, namely, blue luminescing Blue Halophosphor (BH), red-luminescing Cerium Gadolinium Magnesium Borate (CBTM), and 3000K-luminescing Calcium Halophosphor, also referred to as Warm White (WW).

Abstract: An electric lamp has an envelope with an inner surface and two electrodes located at each end of the envelope. The electrodes transfer electric power to generate ultraviolet radiation in the envelope which is filled with mercury and a charge sustaining gas. The inner surface of the envelope is pre-coated with an aluminum oxide layer to reflect ultraviolet radiation back into the envelope. A phosphor layer is formed over the aluminum oxide to convert the ultraviolet radiation to visible light. The phosphor layer is a mixture of three phosphors, namely, Barium Magnesium Aluminate, Cerium Gadolinium Magnesium Borate, and Calcium Halophosphor.

Abstract: The display screen 32 of a cathode ray tube is provided with a filtering layer consisting of silicon dioxide, an oxide of Ge, Zr, Al or Ti and a black dye. The filtering layer obtained may be mirror bright, is resistant to light and to customary cleaning liquids.

Abstract: Low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp is provided with a discharge vessel (10) and a first and a second end portion (12a; 12b). The discharge vessel (10) encloses a discharge space (13) provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas in a gastight manner. Each end portion (12a; 12b) supports an electrode (20a; 20b) which is arranged in the discharge space (13). Current supply conductors (30a, 30a′; 30b, 30b′) extend from the electrodes (20a; 20b) through the end portions (12a; 12b) to outside the discharge vessel (10). A UV-reflecting shield (15a; 15b) is positioned in the space between the electrodes (20a; 20b) and the end portions (12a; 12b), thereby protecting the end portions (12a; 12b) from the creation of reactive sites in the end portions (12a; 12b) at which reactive sites mercury is bound. Preferably, the shield (15a; 15b) is attached to the current supply conductors (30a, 30a′; 30b, 30b′). The lamp according to the invention has a comparatively low mercury consumption.

Abstract: The electrochromic element comprises an electrochromic layer (22) whose transmission properties change when a voltage difference is applied across the element. Said electrochromic layer (22) comprises a first metal oxide of the group formed by WO.sub.3, MoO.sub.3, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, MnO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2 (and combinations thereof) and a second metal oxide containing V.sub.2 O.sub.5, TiO.sub.2 and/or ZnO. If the concentration of the second metal in the mixture ranges from 1 to 15 at. %, preferably from 3 to 10 at. %, the electrochromic layer (22) is transparent and colorless if no guest atoms are incorporated in the layer, and it is (color neutral) grey if a substantial concentration of guest atoms is incorporated in the layer.Electrochromic elements are provided, for example, on the outer surface of a display screen of a display device.

Abstract: Display device comprising a display screen provided with phosphors, and coated with a spectrally selective, light-absorbing coating comprising silicon oxide and at least two dyes. The spectral transmissions for blue, green and red phosphor light are chosen to be such that the electron currents towards the blue, green and red phosphors for obtaining white D (6,500K) are substantially equal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an iron comprising a metal soleplate which is provided with an anti-friction layer of an inorganic polymer, preferably of polysilicate, which is provided by a sol-gel process. Such anti-friction layers exhibit a high hardness, a high corrosion resistance and a satisfactory resistance against rapid temperature variations. The anti-friction layer preferably also comprises fluoridized hydrocarbon compounds. By virtue of these compounds the anti-friction layer has a higher coefficient of friction which is comparable to that of teflon. The anti-friction layer can be provided in various ways. Preferably, it is provided by spraying.

Abstract: The display screen (3) of a cathode ray tube (1) is provided with a light-absorbing coating (8) comprising a hybrid inorganic-organic material consisting of an inorganic network of at least silicon oxide and a polymeric component. By means of a sol-gel process the coating can be provided in a relatively large thickness without causing crackles. Consequently, the layer can contain large quantities of dyestuff, so that said layer can very suitably be used as a chrominance or transmission coating to improve the picture contrast. Even if the display screen is not highly polished, the coating can be obtained with a high-polish and it complies with the customary mechanical, chemical and optical requirements.

Abstract: Suitable starting materials for the manufacture of a heavy metal fluoride glass composition are mixed with solid xenon fluoride as the fluoridizing reagent, after which the mixture is heated to temperatures between 200.degree. and 400.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere for a time which suffices to bring about fluoridation of the starting materials. The intermediate product thus obtained is melted thereby forming a stable glass composition of a high purity and a high transparency. The method can be carried out in a simple manner in a furnace which need not be gastight.

Abstract: A device and a method of generating blue laser light having a wavelength of approximately 450 nm by means of an upconversion process, said device comprising a single semiconductor laser which emits light having a wavelength of 640 to 700 nm, and a resonator cavity which comprises a glass composition of heavy metal fluorides, which glass composition contains trivalent thulium ions. The resonator cavity preferably consists of a glass fibre having a core of a glass composition which consists of heavy-metal fluorides containing 0.01 to 1 mol% of thulium fluoride and a cladding with a lower refractive index than the core. The device suitable for generating continuous blue laser light.