Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes C.sub.2 -C.sub.20, preferably C.sub.4 -C.sub.14 -perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkoxyperfluoroalkyl, R.sub.2 denotes C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, R.sub.3 denotes C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -.omega.-epoxyalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18, preferably C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, which can be substituted by 1 or 2 halogen atoms, preferably chlorine atoms, by hydroxyl groups, by a group of the formula ##STR2## by 1 to 3 groups of the formula --OCO--CX.dbd.CY--COO--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R.sub.1 or by, in each case, one lower alkoxy, epoxy, lower acyloxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower acylamino, lower hydroxylalkylthio, lower trialkylamino, lower trialkylammonium, phenyl, phenoxy or furanyl group or R.sub.3, in the case where b=0, also denotes C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl, which can be subsituted by hydroxyl groups or a phenyl group; C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -alkynyl, which can be substituted by hydroxyl groups; cyclohexyl; phenyl, which can be substituted by 1-3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomers of benzoxanthene and benzothioxanthene dyestuffs of the formulae ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, R optionally substituted alkyl, acyl or arylsulfonyl, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or halogen, alkyl, aryl, acyl, acyloxy, carbalkoxy, alkoxy, nitro, alkylthio or alkylsulfonyl or they form together a condensed benzene ring, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, carbalkoxy or nitrile, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are hydrogen or optionally substituted alkoxy,are obtained by condensing the corresponding benzoxanthene or benzothioxanthene-3,4-carboxylic acid anhydrides or esters with phenyl acetic acid anhydrides or esters in the presence of alkali at a temperature of about 150.degree. to 260.degree. C. and alkylating or acylating the so-obtained hydroxy intermediates without previous isolation thereof when condensation and alkylation or acylation are performed in a polar organic solvent.

Abstract: Diazotization of 4-phenoxy-anilines in aqueous sulfuric acid of 60 to 75% strength and decomposition of the resulting diazonium compound in sulfuric acid of the same concentration range yields the corresponding phenols in high yields and quality. These phenols are intermediate for the corresponding 4-phenoxy-phenoxy alkane carboxylic acids which are pharmaceuticals capable of reducing the blood serum lipid level.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrogenation of 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy nitrobenzene can be performed in water with a nickel catalyst if the average particle size is below 0.1 mm. The resulting aniline is reacted with diketene and the so-obtained N-acetoacetyl derivative is an azoic coupling component.

Abstract: N-acetoacetyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroanilide is obtained in high yield and purity by suspending 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroaniline in water and adding the complete amount of diketene necessary altogether at the beginning of the reaction. The product is obtained in a purity allowing its use as an azoic coupling component without purification.