Abstract: A method for tracking and positioning a magnetic catheter and a structure of a magnetic catheter are disclosed for facilitating tracking and positioning of catheters in human bodies without using electromagnetic induction as conventionally used. When electromagnetic induction and remote magnetic control are used together, their respective magnetic fields may mutually interfer, increasing the risk of operational errors of the magnetic catheters they are working on. The disclosed magnetic catheter has an elastic unit. While the magnetic catheter bends, inductance variation caused by elastic deformation of the elastic unit is measured for calculating an actual bending angle of the magnetic catheter. Then the motion of the magnetic catheter can be amended accordingly. By using calculation instead of electromagnetic tracking, mutual interference between different magnetic fields can be prevented.

Abstract: A method for controlling a magnetic catheter by using a magnetic-field-generated magnetic annulus is disclosed. The magnetic catheter has a free end provided with a magnetic member. A resultant magnetic field between at least two magnets generates a magnetic annulus. The magnetic catheter is placed into the magnetic annulus, so that the magnetic member is affected by the magnetic force from the magnetic annulus to guide the magnetic catheter to perform a preset motion. The magnetic catheter has a flexible front section, so that the flexible section can perform a bending motion when led by the magnetic member. The resultant magnetic field is generated by arranging the two magnets with their like poles facing each other, so that the magnetic member is thrust when entering the magnetic annulus. This facilitates the bending motion of the flexible section.

Abstract: A modulation policy for a modular multi-level convertor, determining a switching state of each submodule by combining the current direction of each bridge arm and the capacitor voltage order of the submodules based on a carrier stacking method. The beneficial effects of the modulation policy are that: each phase only needs a modulation wave and N carriers, given N submodules of each upper bridge arm or lower bridge arm of the modular multi-level convertor; the modular multi-level convertor can output N+1 levels without carrier phase shift; N devoted submodules of each phase are guaranteed at any time; and the submodules' capacitor voltage balancing can be controlled without a closed-loop control policy. The modulation policy facilitates adjustment of the modular multi-level convertor voltage and power class, has unlimited number of levels, has a high precision control algorithm, is easy to realize in engineering and saves software and hardware resources.

Abstract: A method of operating an endoscope by changing a magnetic field and controlling a feeding and a rotation synchronously comprises steps of: providing an endoscope, the endoscope including a magnetic section formed on a front end thereof, the magnetic section having a multi-section bending portion and a magnetic element; and setting a target position in a space. The method of operating the endoscope further comprises steps of: exerting a magnetic field on the magnetic element of the magnetic section, any one of a size, a direction, and a position of the magnetic field is allowed to be changed after exerting the magnetic field on the magnetic element of the magnetic section so that the magnetic element is guided by the magnetic field; and controlling the endoscope to feed or/and rotate based on the target position and a bendable direction of the multi-section bending portion.

Abstract: A modulation policy for a modular multi-level convertor, determining a switching state of each submodule by combining the current direction of each bridge arm and the capacitor voltage order of the submodules based on a carrier stacking method.

Abstract: A multi-party communication control system and charge process of a DC charging system is provided. According battery pack information transmitted by a battery control system, a multi-party communication control device determines a charge current or a charge voltage and a voltage-controlled charge mode required by a battery pack. The multi-party communication control device then translates the charge voltage or the charge current to a CHAdeMO language that is next transmitted to a CHAdeMO charger.