Abstract: A process for the purification of esters, which contain residues of dissolved and/or undissolved alcohols, is described. The purification of the esters containing alcohols is achieved by treating the esters, in the liquid state, with an effective amount of water-soluble polysaccharide derivatives in the solid state.

Abstract: 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethanols of the formula R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH are obtained from 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethyl iodides of the formula R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I as a mixture with 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethylenes of the formula R.sub.f CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and possibly also with 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethylcarboxylic acid esters of the formula R.sub.f CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCOR. From these mixtures, the 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethanols are obtained with a high purity degree when adding during the distillation separation as entrainer an alkanol having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a monoalkyl ether of ethyleneglycol the alkyl radical of which contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a mixture of such alkanols and/or alkylglycols, and in the presence of 2-(perfluoroalkyl)-ethylcarboxylic acid esters, furthermore an acidic ester interchange catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of tertiary aliphatic amines containing an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one methyl group by reacting a liquid alcohol or aldehyde having 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the presence of a copper-chromium oxide catalyst with a gaseous mixture containing hydrogen and a lower primary or secondary alkyl amine having at least one methyl group, the amine proportion of the gas mixture being in the range of from 1 to 20% by volume, eliminating the water having been formed in the reaction from the gaseous mixture, and recirculating the gaseous mixture continuously back into the liquid alcohol or aldehyde.