Abstract: Dimethyl ether is converted to formaldehyde using a supported catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides. The surface density of the oxide(s) ranges from greater than that for the isolated monomeric oxides upwards, so long as there is a substantial absence of bulk crystalline molybdenum and/or vanadium oxide(s). Conversion and selectivity to formaldehyde are improved as compared to data reported for known catalysts. Also disclosed is a supported catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides wherein the support comprises one or more reducible metal oxides, preferably a layer or layers of one or more reducible metal oxides disposed on the surface of a particulate alumina or zirconia support.

Abstract: A catalyst development engine (CDE) provides a rapid approach to the rational development of scalable heterogeneous catalysts and of high-performance solid materials. The CDE includes three main components: the testing cycle, the knowledge cycle, and the knowledge repository or database. The knowledge cycle generates working hypotheses relating performance to key catalyst properties via machine learning methods, computation chemistry and micro-kinetic modeling. Such an approach accelerates development and scale-up of new materials without the impediments introduced by conventional combinatorial approaches based on randomly selected materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to HIV chimeric gene formed by the union of fragments of different genes of said virus, wherein said fragments contains epitopes for cytotoxic T cells (CTL) or HIV-1 auxiliary T cells, which are presented by a wide range of antigens of type Major Histocompatibility Complex (HLA-I). Recombinant poxviruses are obtained from said genes, which are useful for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against HIV/AIDS infections, are capable of generating a protective immune cell response in vaccinated laboratory animals and are recognized by the CTL lymphocytes of HIV/AIDS patients.

Abstract: Dimethyl ether is converted to formaldehyde using a supported catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides. The surface density of the oxide(s) ranges from greater than that for the isolated monomeric oxides upwards, so long as there is a substantial absence of bulk crystalline molybdenum and/or vanadium oxide(s). Conversion and selectivity to formaldehyde are improved as compared to data reported for known catalysts. Also disclosed is a supported catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides wherein the support comprises one or more reducible metal oxides, preferably a layer or layers of one or more reducible metal oxides disposed on the surface of a particulate alumina or zirconia support.

Abstract: Immobilized calixarenes and calixarene-related compounds are produced by a process comprising either:

Abstract: A method and system for the development of materials includes a high-throughput data-generation cycle, a knowledge-generation cycle, and a knowledge repository or database. The data-generation cycle generates high-quality data for the virtual and experimental evaluation of new catalytic materials. The knowledge-generation cycle generates working hypotheses, relating performance to catalyst properties, from analysis and modeling of experimental and virtual data and data from literature, from correlations generated from experimental, theoretical, and/or modeling findings, and optionally from computational chemistry modeling investigations, in order to identify better materials.

Abstract: Dimethyl ether is converted to formaldehyde using a supported catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides. The surface density of the oxide(s) ranges from greater than that for the isolated monomeric oxides upwards, so long as there is a substantial absence of bulk crystalline molybdenum and/or vanadium oxide(s). Conversion and selectivity to formaldehyde are improved as compared to data reported for known catalysts. Also disclosed is a catalyst comprising molybdenum and/or vanadium oxides supported on a layer of stannic oxide that is disposed on the surface of a particulate alumina or zirconia support.

Abstract: A catalyst development engine (CDE) provides a rapid approach to the rational development of scalable heterogeneous catalysts and of high-performance solid materials. The CDE includes three main components: the testing cycle, the knowledge cycle, and the knowledge repository or database. The knowledge cycle generates working hypotheses relating performance to key catalyst properties via machine learning methods, computation chemistry and micro-kinetic modeling. Such an approach accelerates development and scale- up of new materials without the impediments introduced by conventional combinatorial approaches based on randomly selected materials.

Abstract: Modular, stackable, flow-through plate or channel reactor units for continuous, low temperature, catalytic reactions of two separate process reaction streams; typically the first is an exothermic combustion process and the second, an endothermic reforming process. Each reactor unit comprises two separate sets of flow channels or slot-type reaction zones formed in flow plates located between spaced, thin metal, highly heat-conductive metal foil or platelet separator walls, adjacent reactors in a stack including a common, medially located, bicatalytic separator plate, i.e., a separator plate having on opposed surfaces the same or different catalysts selected for the particular reaction taking place in the adjacent reactor zone. Each flow plate has a relieved medial area defining the reaction zone, the side walls of which are the catalyst coated separator platelets.

Abstract: A catalyst development engine for providing a rapid approach to the rational development of scalable heterogeneous catalysts and of high-performance solid materials. The catalyst development engine includes three main components: the high-throughput data generation cycle, the knowledge generation cycle, and the knowledge repository or database. The high-throughput data generation cycle rapidly generates high quality data in a high-throughput mode for the virtual and experimental evaluation of new catalytic materials and also generates data on well-characterized systems for use in the knowledge generation cycle. The knowledge generation cycle generates working hypotheses, relating performance to key catalyst properties, which guide the search for better catalysts, and generates fundamental structure-property relationships required in order to select catalysts for further experimental evaluation in the high-throughput cycle.

Abstract: Modular, stackable, flow-through plate or channel reactor units for continuous, low temperature, catalytic reactions of two separate process reaction streams; typically the first is an exothermic combustion process and the second, an endothermic reforming process. Each reactor unit comprises two separate sets of flow channels or slot-type reaction zones formed in flow plates located between spaced, thin metal, highly heat-conductive metal foil or platelet separator walls, adjacent reactors in a stack including a common, medially located, bi-catalytic separator plate, i.e., a separator plate having on opposed surfaces the same or different catalysts selected for the particular reaction taking place in the adjacent reactor zone. Each flow plate has a relieved medial area defining the reaction zone, the side walls of which are the catalyst coated separator platelets.

Abstract: The present invention is for a formulation comprising a nucleic acid vaccine and an immunoenhancing amount of acemannan, whereby the acemannan enhances immune response, in a host, to the vaccine. The present invention is also for a method of enhancing the immune response of a host to a nucleic acid vaccine by administering a formulation comprising a nucleic acid vaccine and acemannan.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the field of medicine, particularly to the use of new adjuvant formulations with vaccine antigens. The technical objective pursued with this invention is, precisely, the development of formulations that are able to increase and/or modulate the immune response of the organism to vaccine antigens in the serum and the mucous lining. With this aim, a formulation was developed that contained as the main components the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus and the acemannan in adequate proportions. As an extension of this result, formulations were developed in which a) HBsAg was used as the homologous or heterologous antigen carrier b) delivery systems of particulated antigens and c) soluble antigens, combined with the acemannan in specific proportions. The formulations of this invention are applicable in the pharmaceutical industry as vaccine formulations for human and veterinary use.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a catalyst composition comprising a Group VIII metal, preferably a Group VIII noble metal, and a zirconia support impregnated with silica and tungsten oxide and its use in an isomerization process.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a catalyst composition comprising a Group VIII metal, preferably a Group VIII noble metal, and a zirconia support impregnated with silica and tungsten oxide and its use in an isomerization process.

Abstract: A method of preparing catalyst compositions of cobalt composited with ternary metal oxide supports of substituted titania having the general formula Co/Ti.sub.1-x M.sub.x O.sub.2 where x ranges from 0.01 to 0.14 and M is selected from the group consisting of silicon, zirconium, and tantalum and wherein the titania is an anatase polymorph stable under oxidative regeneration temperatures from about 400.degree. to about 750.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for optimally operating a three phase slurry bubble column. The constituents of the three phases, gas, liquid, and solids, are determined by the chemical reaction in the column. The method includes injecting the gas phase into the column with an appropriate velocity so that the solid phase is fluidized while still maintaining "plug flow" over the column length.

Abstract: A copper promoted cobalt manganese spinel useful for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of olefins and higher paraffins is prepared from an aqueous solution of cobalt and manganese salts of at least one alpha-hydroxy aliphatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: New copper-potassium promoted iron-zinc catalysts wherein the iron:zinc atomic ratio is 5:1 or greater, exhibit improved activity, selectivity and stability in the synthesis of alpha-olefins from hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A method of preparing catalyst compositions of cobalt composited with ternary metal oxide supports of substituted titania having the general formula Co/Ti.sub.x M.sub.1-x O.sub.2 where x ranges from 0.01 to 0.14 and M is selected from the group consisting of silicon, zirconium, and tantalum and wherein the titania is an anatase polymorph stable under oxidative regeneration temperatures from about 400.degree. to about 750.degree. C.