Abstract: Meeting todays requirement in power supply technology demands significant technological advancement in optimizing circuit topology, components and materials, thermal and packaging designs. These requirements are being pushed mainly by continuously increasing power density and efficiency requirements. Ultimately, these trends will come to a point whereby limitations from the above mentioned technological advancements is dependent on one of the above, which is the packaging design. To realize this dependence, we need to look at the growing power systems for modern equipment out there. Let us enumerate some of the available AC adapters in terms of power densities of a 45 W adapter. Firstly, square type architecture introduced by Apple is about 7 W/in3, considering the packaging has a profile limitation whereby its AC plug is removable thus occupying relatively bigger chunk of the volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hygienic urinal intended for use by people on farms, at large events and, in particular, at the top, or between the floors of a structure under construction. For this purpose, the invention comprises a portable urinal with a wash-hand basin, formed by a hollow prism having a rectangular base and a U-shaped concave urinal projecting out from the front surface thereof. The upper part of the rear face of the concave urinal is communicated with an upper oval wash-hand basin by means of multiple holes, thereby enabling a curtain of water to flow into the prism through small lower holes. The upper inner part of the prism is provided with a drinking water tank which is connected via a hose to a foot pump located in a cavity at the bottom right corner, such that, when necessary, the user can use the foot pump to activate the discharge of water through a curved faucet above the wash hand basin.