Abstract: A gradient multilayer structure for lithium batteries, a method for manufacturing thereof, and a lithium batteries comprise gradient multilayer structures. The multilayer structure has a porosity gradient with respect to adjacent layers of the multilayer structure or a solid-state ionic conductive material gradient with respect to adjacent layers of the multilayer structure.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to an all-solid-state battery including a solid electrolyte. In one aspect, a device includes a first layer of an ionically conducting oxide, a second layer of the ionically conducting oxide disposed on the first layer, and an anode disposed on the second layer of the ionically conducting oxide. The first layer defines through pores having a tortuosity of about 1. The first layer includes transition metal oxide particles and an ionically conducting solid disposed in the through pores. The transition metal oxide particles are a cathode. The first layer and the ionically conducting solid are an electrolyte. The second layer does not define any through pores. The second layer is a separator.

Abstract: An electrochemically active component is disclosed. The electrochemically active component includes a ceramic film having a thickness of less than or equal to about 100 ?m. The ceramic film can be composed of ??-Al2O3, LiCoO2—Li4SiO4—Li3PO4 (LSPO)-Ag, LiNi0.33Mn0.33CO0.33O2 (NMC)/xLi4Si04-(1?x)Li3P04 (LSPO)/Ag, wherein 0<x<1, Li3V04(LVO)/Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12(Al:LLZO)/Ag, 12CaO-7Al2O3 (Ca12A7), or Mg0.5CexZr2?x(P04)3 (MZPCex), wherein 0<x<0.5. The electrochemically active component is a battery anode, a battery cathode, a battery ion conductor, a battery electron conductor, a thermal electric generator, a high temperature fuel cell, or a gate dielectric.

Abstract: A method of making a thin film is provided. The method includes ball milling a suspension including a nanopowder, an additive component, and a solvent to generate a suspension of milled nanopowder, disposing a layer of the suspension of milled nanopowder onto a substrate, drying the layer by removing at least a portion of the solvent to form a green film, compressing the green film to form a compressed green film, debindering the compressed green film to form a debindered film, and sintering the debindered film to generate the thin film. The additive component includes a component selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a binder, a plasticizer, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The direct depolymerization of biogenic and other high surface area silica sources uses both simple and hindered diols to produce alkoxysilanes in one or two steps that can be separated and purified directly from the reaction mixture by distillation, extraction or filtration followed by solution modification and distillation or extraction. The alkoxysilanes can take the form of spirosiloxanes or simple alkoxysilanes or oligomers thereof. Thereafter they can be treated with acid to produce colloidal or precipitated silica or aerosolized and combusted to provide fumed silica without the intervention of SiCl4.

Abstract: The direct depolymerization of biogenic and other high surface area silica sources uses both simple and hindered diols to produce alkoxysilanes in one or two steps that can be separated and purified directly from the reaction mixture by distillation, extraction or filtration followed by solution modification and distillation or extraction. The alkoxysilanes can take the form of spirosiloxanes or simple alkoxysilanes or oligomers thereof. Thereafter they can be treated with acid to produce colloidal or precipitated silica or aerosolized and combusted to provide fumed silica without the intervention of SiCl4.