Abstract: A method includes identifying a middlebox receiving network flow and communicating with one or more backend virtual machines. The method also includes receiving flow statistics corresponding to the network flow of the middlebox and determining whether the flow statistics satisfy an offload rule. The offload rule indicates when to migrate the network flow from the middlebox to an end host. When the flow statistics satisfy the offload rule, the method also includes migrating the network flow from the middlebox to the end host.

Abstract: A method includes identifying a middlebox receiving network flow and communicating with one or more backend virtual machines. The method also includes receiving flow statistics corresponding to the network flow of the middlebox and determining whether the flow statistics satisfy an offload rule. The offload rule indicates when to migrate the network flow from the middlebox to an end host. When the flow statistics satisfy the offload rule, the method also includes migrating the network flow from the middlebox to the end host.

Abstract: A 3D printing system, comprising a heated chamber; a printing base plate mounted inside the heated chamber; a cooling unit mounted outside and above the heated chamber; a printing nozzle; wherein the cooling unit is configured to surround the printing nozzle's upper side outside the heated chamber for cooling the printing nozzle's upper side and wherein the printing nozzle's lower side is mounted inside the heated chamber; and a nozzle heating unit mounted inside the heated chamber and around the printing nozzle's lower side at a distance from the outer surface of the printing nozzle; the heating unit configured to heat the printing nozzle's lower side; the system configured to receive a printing material for printing a 3D model inside the heated chamber.

Abstract: A 3D printing nozzle calibration system, comprising a heated chamber; a printing base plate mounted inside the heated chamber; printing base moving means configured to move the printing base plate; a moving carriage; at least one rail on which the moving carriage is configured to slide up and down; a printing nozzle partially mounted inside the heated chamber; the printing nozzle is connected to the moving carriage; a hard stop connected to the moving carriage; a fixed part on which the hard stop is resting; and a printer controller; wherein the printing base plate is configured to move up, up to a point where the printing base plate touches the printing nozzle in a determined point of the printing base plate, thereby causing the hard stop to disconnect from the fixed part; and wherein the printer controller is configured to store a height of the printing base plate upon the disconnection.

Abstract: A method includes identifying a middlebox receiving network flow and communicating with one or more backend virtual machines. The method also includes receiving flow statistics corresponding to the network flow of the middlebox and determining whether the flow statistics satisfy an offload rule. The offload rule indicates when to migrate the network flow from the middlebox to an end host. When the flow statistics satisfy the offload rule, the method also includes migrating the network flow from the middlebox to the end host.

Abstract: A method includes identifying a middlebox receiving network flow and communicating with one or more backend virtual machines. The method also includes receiving flow statistics corresponding to the network flow of the middlebox and determining whether the flow statistics satisfy an offload rule. The offload rule indicates when to migrate the network flow from the middlebox to an end host. When the flow statistics satisfy the offload rule, the method also includes migrating the network flow from the middlebox to the end host.

Abstract: A system for improving transparency and/or smoothness and/or adhesion of layers of a 3D printed object, comprising: a base plate; a 3D printed object mounted on the base plate; a controller; a motion system connected with the base plate and controlled by the controller for enabling movement in Z axis and at least one more axis; and at least one treating device; the at least one treating device configured to be directed towards the 3D printed object for heating a target spot area on one of the outer surface and the inner surface of the 3D printed object during the movement of the base plate.

Abstract: A method for transparent migration of virtual network functions is provided. The method includes identifying a middlebox receiving network flow and communicating with one or more backend virtual machines. The method also includes receiving flow statistics corresponding to the network flow of the middlebox and determining whether the flow statistics satisfy an offload rule. The offload rule indicates when to migrate the network flow from the middlebox to an end host. When the flow statistics satisfy the offload rule, the method also includes migrating the network flow from the middlebox to the end host.

Abstract: A 3D printing system, comprising a heated chamber; a printing base plate mounted inside the heated chamber; a cooling unit mounted outside and above the heated chamber; a printing nozzle; wherein the cooling unit is configured to surround the printing nozzle's upper side outside the heated chamber for cooling the printing nozzle's upper side and wherein the printing nozzle's lower side is mounted inside the heated chamber; and a nozzle heating unit mounted inside the heated chamber and around the printing nozzle's lower side at a distance from the outer surface of the printing nozzle; the heating unit configured to heat the printing nozzle's lower side; the system configured to receive a printing material for printing a 3D model inside the heated chamber.

Abstract: A continuous 3D printing system, comprising a loading station no loaded with printing materials; a detection station; wherein the detection station is configured to detect the end of a first printing material loaded by the loading station; a bonding station configured to connect the first printing materials to a second printing material loaded by the loading station upon receiving a signal from the detection station; a printing head configured to print a 3D model; a feeding mechanism configured to feed printing material into the printing head; and a substrate on which the 3D printed model is printed.

Abstract: A 3D printing nozzle calibration system, comprising a heated chamber; a printing base plate mounted inside the heated chamber; printing base moving means configured to move the printing base plate; a moving carriage; at least one rail on which the moving carriage is configured to slide up and down; a printing nozzle partially mounted inside the heated chamber; the printing nozzle is connected to the moving carriage; a hard stop connected to the moving carriage; a fixed part on which the hard stop is resting; and a printer controller; wherein the printing base plate is configured to move up, up to a point where the printing base plate touches the printing nozzle in a determined point of the printing base plate, thereby causing the hard stop to disconnect from the fixed part; and wherein the printer controller is configured to store a height of the printing base plate upon the disconnection.

Abstract: This invention relates to a filament guide and nozzle replacement method which includes a fused deposition modeling 3D printer extruder having a filament feeding mechanism, a heating block unit, a motor configured to operate the feeding mechanism, and a detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module. The method comprises the steps of detaching the detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module from the heating block unit to prevent disassembling the heating block unit; disconnecting the detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module from the filament feeding mechanism; connecting another detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module to the filament feeding mechanism; and attaching the other detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module to the block unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a filament guide and nozzle replacement method which includes a fused deposition modeling 3D printer extruder having a filament feeding mechanism, a heating block unit, a motor configured to operate the feeding mechanism, and a detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module. The method comprises the steps of detaching the detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module from the heating block unit to prevent disassembling the heating block unit; disconnecting the detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module from the filament feeding mechanism; connecting another detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module to the filament feeding mechanism; and attaching the other detachable integrated filament guide and nozzle unit module to the block unit.