Abstract: Described herein is a method for determining the disease state in a patient using combined mean glucose measurements and 1,5-anhydroglucitol to identify individuals at risk for developing diabetes. The ratio of mean glucose measurements to 1,5-anhydroglucitol correlates significantly better to maximal levels of postmeal glucose levels and related measurements, than mean glucose measurements or 1,5-anhydroglucitol correlate independently.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for determining the disease state in a patient using combined mean glucose measurements and 1,5-anhydroglucitol to identify individuals at risk for developing diabetes. The ratio of mean glucose measurements to 1,5-anhydroglucitol correlates significantly better to maximal levels of postmeal glucose levels and related measurements, than mean glucose measurements or 1,5-anhydroglucitol correlate independently.

Abstract: The invention is a method of measuring blood glucose excursions in general, and postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients in particular, by the 1,5-anhydroglucitol assay (1,5-AG) or A1C/1,5-AG assay combination. 1,5-AG levels and percent changes of 1,5-AG levels in short period are indicative of differing postmeal glucose levels in moderately-controlled diabetic patients with similar A1C levels. Thereby 1,5-AG assay is useful to identify diabetic patients who may be at risk for cardiovascular complications which would not be identifiable by A1C levels alone. Furthermore, ratios of A1C divided by 1,5-AG in each patient are superior indicators to 1,5-AG levels.

Abstract: HbA1c measurement is a critical component of diabetes management; however, a key limitation of HbA1c as a measure of glycemia is the lack of timeliness—it does not detect underlying blood glucose excursion levels in moderately controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c<8) as it is a measurement of mean glucose levels over the longer-term. HbA1c also averages both hypo- and hyperglycemia over two to three months; therefore, it does not adequately reflect improvements in post-prandial hyperglycemia. 1,5-AG is also a marker of glycemic control over a shorter one to two week timeframe, but with a different mechanism than HbA1c. Given the unique biological and physiological characteristics of 1,5-AG, it is sensitive to acute and transient episodes of hyper-glycemia and is, therefore, a better indicator of glucose excursions. Peptidyl diabetic drugs such as pramlintide and exenatide have unique mechanisms of action and the glycemic effects of these drugs are not adequately shown by HbA1c.

Abstract: The invention is a method of measuring blood glucose excursions in general, and postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients in particular, by the 1,5-anhydroglucitol assay (1,5-AG) or A1C/1,5-AG assay combination. 1,5-AG levels and percent changes of 1,5-AG levels in short period are indicative of differing postmeal glucose levels in moderately-controlled diabetic patients with similar A1C levels. Thereby 1,5-AG assay is useful to identify diabetic patients who may be at risk for cardiovascular complications which would not be identifiable by A1C levels alone. Furthermore, ratios of A1C divided by 1,5-AG in each patient are superior indicators to 1,5-AG levels.