Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell configured to produce electrical power by a chemical reaction of a flow of fuel and a flow of oxygen or air with an electrolyte and a cooling system configured to remove thermal energy from the fuel cell via a flow of coolant through the fuel cell. The fuel cell system includes one or more conductivity sensors configured to measure a change in conductivity of the coolant flow. A method of operating a fuel cell system includes producing electrical power at a fuel cell by a chemical reaction of a flow of fuel and a flow of air with an electrolyte, urging a flow of coolant through the fuel cell to remove thermal energy and ions from the fuel cell, and measuring a conductivity of the flow of coolant via one or more conductivity sensors.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell configured to produce electrical power by a chemical reaction of a flow of fuel and a flow of oxygen or air with an electrolyte and a cooling system configured to remove thermal energy from the fuel cell via a flow of coolant through the fuel cell. The fuel cell system includes one or more conductivity sensors configured to measure a change in conductivity of the coolant flow. A method of operating a fuel cell system includes producing electrical power at a fuel cell by a chemical reaction of a flow of fuel and a flow of air with an electrolyte, urging a flow of coolant through the fuel cell to remove thermal energy and ions from the fuel cell, and measuring a conductivity of the flow of coolant via one or more conductivity sensors.

Abstract: Data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network are enhanced. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: Data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network are enhanced. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the current data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network is presented. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services for users over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.

Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major problem in the pork industry worldwide. The inclusion of markers in vaccines will allow for diagnostic differentiation of vaccinated animals from those naturally infected with wild-type virus. Using a cDNA infectious clone of North American Type 1 PRRSV, a recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged PRRSV has been made, containing deletion of an immunogenic epitope, ES4, in the nsp2 region. GFP and ES4 epitope-based ELISAs compliment the marker identification.

Abstract: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is based on the non-structural protein 7 (nsp7) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and provides for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of serum antibodies directed against Type 1 (European) and Type 2 (North American) PRRSV. The invention provides a serological assay for the detection and/or differentiation of serum antibodies directed against Type 1 and/or Type 2 PRRSV utilizing PRRSV nsp7 as an antigen, and provides a diagnostic method for the detection of PRRSV infection, epidemiological surveys, and outbreak investigations. The invention may be used either alone or as a follow-up assay to determine the true status of unexpected positive results that may occur using other assays, such as the IDEXX HERDCHEK PRRS ELISA.

Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major problem in the pork industry worldwide. The inclusion of markers in vaccines will allow for diagnostic differentiation of vaccinated animals from those naturally infected with wild-type virus. Using a cDNA infectious clone of North American Type 1 PRRSV, a recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged PRRSV has been made, containing deletion of an immunogenic epitope, ES4, in the nsp2 region. GFP and ES4 epitope-based ELISAs compliment the marker identification.

Abstract: A fuel cap having a cap member with an internal chamber and a downward extending hollow tube in open communication with the internal chamber and in sealing communication with a lower hub bore; vents on side walls of the internal chamber; an absorption media inside the internal chamber below the vents and above the hollow tube; a hub rotatably and slidably connected to the cap member with the hub having a lower hub bore into which the hollow tube is translatable for releasing vapors from the fuel tank as necessary before re-fueling whereby the vapors pass through the absorption media where they are cleansed before being release out the vents.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the current data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network is presented. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services for users over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the current data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network is presented. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the current data communication capabilities of the North American Terrestrial System (NATS) Network is presented. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne data server (ADS) is added to the airborne architecture of the current NATS Network and a ground data gateway (GDG) is added to the ground-based architecture of the current NATS Network. The ADS functions as a router/gateway connected to many local area networks (LANs) aboard the aircraft. The ADS provides for the automation of data services such as scheduling, routing and translation. The GDG is the central hub for the network and dispatcher of data to customer premises or to the aircraft.

Abstract: A system and method for interface of the passenger telephone communication system that is installed in many commercial aircraft with the flight crew communication console to allow the flight crew to originate and receive telephone communication over the passenger telephone communication system through their existing flight communication interface. That flight communication interface may be a headset with integral speaker and microphone, or it may be a cockpit speaker and hand microphone. A keypad or other similar hardware is also interfaced with the flight crew communication so that the flight crew may enter and transmit telephone numbers from the flight deck without disconnecting from their existing flight communication interface.

Abstract: A fluid level measuring system for machines which utilizes fluids and has rotating and/or reciprocating elements. The system receives data from sensors as to the measured fluid level and measured fluid temperature. Optionally, data is received from other sensors such as to the angle of inclination of the machine, gear setting (for a transmission), idle speed (for an engine or transmission), and dielectric constant of the fluid. The measured data is stored in a first data storage device. A second data storage device contains data as to the recommended fluid level and acceptable deviations thereof based upon a variety of possible sensor readings, which can be obtained from sources such as the manufacturer of the machine or by controlled dynamic measurements. A processor compares the stored sensor readings to the data stored in the second memory to arrive at the operational fluid level. The processor controls a display to identify the operational fluid level to the operator.

Abstract: A method and system provide efficient, flexible, and convenient data communication services over public wireless systems. The system includes a data communication server, having a plurality of interface units, for facilitating data communication between a moving object and one or more ground terminals via a radio communication path. The data communication server establishes the radio communication path over one of a plurality of wireless data networks including packet data networks and satellite data networks and preferably includes a pre-determined software architecture.