Abstract: A method includes contacting yogurt whey with an enzyme to form a soluble fiber. An oligosaccharide product that includes inactive yogurt cultures is also described.

Abstract: A barrier element for an infant carrier inhibits germs from getting into contact with an infant within the carrier while allowing for air passage and thus ease of infant breathing. The protective element comprises a cover formed of substantially germ-blocking material, preferably a sandwich-like composite of spunbond, meltblown and spunbond polypropylene material with a BFE of no less than about 95% with a differential pressure of no more than about 4. It is breathable to allow air to pass therethrough, preferably has a transparent window and is provided with an elastic to secure the barrier element to the infant carrier and allow for selective and easy/quick removal. The device is lightweight, inexpensive, easy to put on and over the infant carrier and after use is intended to be discarded.