Abstract: A plasticizer-free ion detective sensor for detecting a target ion in a sample is provided. The sensor comprises a copolymer of methacrylate monomers with pendant alkyl groups of different length, and an ionophore for detecting the target ion. The copolymer matrix of the present invention may be in a form of membrane or particles. The sensors of the present invention may be Carrier-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) or optodes such as thin film ion-specific optodes or particle-based optodes. The ionophore may be a target ionophore selective for a target ion H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, or Mg2+. The ion detective sensor of the present invention may further include an ion exchanger such as halogenated carboranes. Also provided is an ion detective sensor comprising halogenated carboranes as ion exchangers. Particularly, trimethylammonium-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 undecabromocarborane (TMAUBC) is used as ion exchangers.

Abstract: Ion-detecting sensors for detecting a target ion in a sample are provided. The sensor comprises a plasticizer-free copolymer comprised of polymerized units of methacrylate monomers having pendent alkyl groups of different length and a functionalized ionophore of said ion, wherein at least a portion of the functionalized ionophore is grafted into the copolymer through covalent linkages. Sensors may comprise ionophores such as hydrophilic crown ethers or functionalized derivative of 3-oxapentandiaminde-type ionophores. This invention further provides sensors for detecting target ions in a sample, comprising plasticizer-free molecularly imprinted polymers, wherein the polymers comprise polymerized units of methacrylate monomers having pendent alkyl groups of different length and a functionalized ionophore of said ion. In particular, a magnesium ion sensor comprising a functionalized derivative of a 3-oxapentandiaminde-type calcium ion-selective ionophore is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a supply means for magnetically attractive developing powder. The supply means includes a reservoir having an outflow opening for supplying a magnetically attractive developing powder from the reservoir to a developing unit. The reservoir is provided with two magnetic systems each rotatable about an axis of rotation and each at least partially being surrounded by a stationary enclosure over which the developing powder can be displaced under the influence of the rotating magnetic systems. The magnetic systems are disposed opposite to one another with the axes of rotation parallel to one another. The stationary enclosures of the two magnetic systems together form the outflow opening. While in a supply mode, the magnetic systems are adapted to effect transport of developing powder through the outflow opening by rotation and in a stationary mode the magnetic systems are adapted to prevent transport of developing powder through the outflow opening.

Abstract: A reference electrode (2) which features an ion barrier (20) based on the redox principle and which is fashioned as an independent unit or as part of a combination electrode, for instance a single-rod measuring chain. Metal ions to be blocked and contained in the reference electrolyte (24) and the material forming the ion barrier (20) together form a redox system. The ion barrier (20) is preferably a reduction agent which reduces the metal ions to the respective metal, and its properties are such that it will not cause contamination of the diaphragm (6) in oxidized state.