Abstract: A catheter for ablation of tissue through irreversible electroporation is disclosed. The catheter includes a tubular outer shaft having a distal end, a mapping electrode assembly extending distally from the distal end of the outer shaft, and an ablation electrode assembly. the electrode assembly defines a distally located central hub portion and a plurality of splines each including a distal end portion extending from the central hub portion, and a proximal end portion attached to and constrained by the outer shaft, the splines defining an inner space in an expanded configuration, each of the plurality of splines including a plurality of outwardly-facing sensing electrodes; and an ablation electrode assembly extending distally from the distal end of the outer shaft, the ablation electrode assembly disposed in the inner space.

Abstract: Described herein are methods to form substituted pyrazines. Also described herein are methods to purify substituted pyrazines.

Abstract: A system for recycling pocketed metal coil mattresses includes a primary shredding station that implements a primary shredder element having a housing with opposing shafts mounted to extend along sidewalls of the housing. Each shaft includes a plurality of opposing shredding knives configured to bypass each other for shredding materials in the housing into metal and fabric pieces. The knives each have a thickness in the range of 17-50 mm with the knives of each respective opposing shaft being spaced apart from each other along the respective shaft in the range of 17-50 mm. The primary shredder element is free of stationary elements in the spaces between the shredding knives at the sidewalls. A motion separation station utilizing motion of the fabric pieces and the metal pieces for separating the pieces follows the primary shredder station. An air separation station provides an airflow to separate fabric pieces from the metal pieces.