Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for real-time dosimetry. An electron beam irradiation system includes one or more detectors. The detectors have coils that, when an electron travels by a sensor pad in the detector, the electron induces a current into the coils. The current is detected and the electron is counted. The number of electrons counted at the one or more detectors is compared to the number of electrons leaving an electron gun, giving a dosage of the workpiece being irradiated.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for real-time dosimetry. An electron beam irradiation system includes one or more detectors. The detectors have coils that, when an electron travels by a sensor pad in the detector, the electron induces a current into the coils. The current is detected and the electron is counted. The number of electrons counted at the one or more detectors is compared to the number of electrons leaving an electron gun, giving a dosage of the workpiece being irradiated.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for real-time dosimetry. An electron beam irradiation system includes one or more detectors. The detectors have coils that, when an electron travels by a sensor pad in the detector, the electron induces a current into the coils. The current is detected and the electron is counted. The number of electrons counted at the one or more detectors is compared to the number of electrons leaving an electron gun, giving a dosage of the workpiece being irradiated.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for real-time dosimetry. An electron beam irradiation system includes one or more detectors. The detectors have coils that, when an electron travels by a sensor pad in the detector, the electron induces a current into the coils. The current is detected and the electron is counted. The number of electrons counted at the one or more detectors is compared to the number of electrons leaving an electron gun, giving a dosage of the workpiece being irradiated.

Abstract: A patient-specific, restraining device is fabricated directly from the patient's diagnostic images, (e.g. Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Ultrasound) fabricated by additive manufacturing techniques, also known as 3D printing, using an algorithm that directly translates the medical images into instructions for the 3D printer. The patient-specific restraining device incorporates dosimetry devices to allow for real-time, near real-time or after-the-fact measurement of delivered radiation at the entry and exit points on the body. Using a patient's medical images and dose planning software, patient-specific dose calculations allows for the calculation of the predicted dose for each location of entry and exit of the beam on the restraining device. This restraining device and method may be used to measure irradiation dosages in real time, adjust dosage levels based on such measurements, and then deliver more accurate and precise treatments during advanced treatment techniques.

Abstract: Using a chemical vapor-phase deposition (CVD), physical vapor phase deposition (PVD) process or similar, novel directionally-oriented piezoelectric materials are created from zinc oxide (ZnO) and similar materials with innovative features that enhance their performance as ultrasonic transducers. Applications for these enhanced piezoelectric materials and transducers include: underwater sonar devices, non-destructive testing devices, tank level indicators, eddy current detectors, ultrasonic wellfield characterization devices, and in-fluid imaging devices (e.g., under-water and under-sodium viewing devices).

Abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) inherently exhibits n-type behavior due to naturally-occurring oxygen vacancies and zinc interstitials. Many other metal oxide systems have been found to exhibit similar semiconductor characteristics as zinc oxide, i.e. inherently n-type, including other metal oxide semiconductors such as GaO, MgO, CuO, etc. or ternary alloys with zinc oxide such as MgZnO, CdZnO, GaZnO, etc. The method described herein creates stable p-type ZnO or other metal oxide semiconductor materials, by using an oxygen scavenger material, e.g. calcium or tungsten, that is introduced during the formation of the material which preferentially scavenges oxygen resulting in an abundance of zinc vacancies, which act as holes, and induces stable p-type behavior without alloying or being incorporated into the semiconductor material itself. Three deposition techniques to deposit this stable form of p-type material and p+ type material are described.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve includes a one-piece combined plug that includes a seat at one end, a spring guide at another end, and a plug between the seat and the spring guide. A central bore extends through the spring guide and the plug and a branch channel extends outward from one end of the central bore.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a system and method for improving the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) of advanced radiation treatment techniques using a patient-specific, multi-material, multi-dimensional anthropomorphic human equivalent phantom technology.

Abstract: A chemical injection assembly having a regulator, a metering valve, and an outlet pressure loop. The regulator has a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and an outlet pressure port. The metering valve has a valve inlet and a valve outlet, the valve inlet in fluid communication with the fluid outlet of the regulator. The outlet pressure loop is in fluid communication with the valve outlet of the metering valve and has a bleed apparatus positionable in a closed position to seal the bleed apparatus and an open position such that air can be exhausted from the outlet pressure loop through the bleed apparatus.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve includes a one-piece combined plug that includes a seat at one end, a spring guide at another end, and a plug between the seat and the spring guide. A central bore extends through the spring guide and the plug and a branch channel extends outward from one end of the central bore.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for regulating electrical power generated from a decay of radiation-emitting isotopes. The systems include a diode formed of a semiconductor material capable of mitigating radiation damage by operating at temperatures greater than 300° C. In some embodiments, the semiconductor material includes uranium oxide, UO2±x, where 0?x?0.5. The systems also include a fluid comprising an isotope emitting alpha particles. The systems additionally include a closed circuit having the fluid disposed therein and configured to bring the fluid in contact with the diode. The methods involve flowing a fluid across a surface of a diode and generating electrical power from the diode in response to radiation absorbed therein. The fluid includes an isotope that emits alpha particles. The surface of the diode defines a portion of a closed circuit in which the fluid flows. The methods additionally involve extracting, from the fluid, decay products of the isotope.

Abstract: Devices and methods are presented for converting energy from radiation into electrical power. In one illustrative embodiment, a device for converting energy from radiation into electrical power includes a diode formed of a semiconductor material capable of mitigating radiation damage by operating at temperatures greater than 300° C. The device also includes a radiation source comprising an isotope emitting alpha particles. In another illustrative embodiment, a device for converting energy from radiation into electrical power includes a diode formed of a semiconductor material comprising uranium oxide, UO2±x, where 0?x?0.5. The device also includes a radiation source comprising an isotope emitting alpha particles. The semiconductor material may include a single-crystal of uranium oxide. Other devices and methods are presented.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a system and method for producing Technetium-99m. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel method and device for modifying commercially-available, widely-used low energy positron emission tomography (PET) cyclotrons in order to produce Technetium-99m in a more efficient, less expensive manner that previously known.

Abstract: The system may include a photonic optical sensor including a photonic crystal and an incident light source arranged so as to project light onto the photonic optical sensor, and such that the photonic optical sensor returns a portion of the light projected onto the photonic optical sensor as returned light. The system may further include a detector positioned with respect to the photonic optical sensor so as to detect the returned light. The detector produces a data output based on the returned light. Additionally, a processing unit receives and processes the data output.