Abstract: A gunnery training simulator system is disclosed which includes a screen, a target projector for projecting onto the screen an image of a target, a spot projector for projecting onto the screen a spot of a predetermined radiation, the trace of which represents the path of a projectile being simulated, a television camera positioned to view the image and the spot trace, the camera being such that its line scan is in the vertical direction, and electronic means connected with the camera output for producing signal portions representative of the projectile trace and the target image and for producing an output signal when the projectile trace signal portion approaches to within a predetermined distance of the target image signal portion.

Abstract: A contour following image pick-up head for use in a vehicle training simulator camera/model board visual system. A pivotable mirror 42 is fixedly mounted beneath the camera, while an adjustable shoe 38 which is free to rotate about a pitch axis is positioned beneath the mirror and moves with the camera in contact with the model board. One or more electromechanical transducers 54, 56 detect the pitch movement of the shoe as it traverses the board and produce signals which are used in controlling the pitch of the mirror to produce a realistic visual image corresponding to the view from the vehicle being simulated. The shoe may be given roll and vertical motion freedom and the camera provided with a Dove prism and vertical drive. Electromechanical transducers 48, 54, 56 may then be provided to detect roll and vertical movement of the shoe, and produce signals which may be used to control vertical camera movement and Dove prism movement for improved image realism.