Abstract: New substituted 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzamides and their salts, processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions.These compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sub.3 =hydrogen, amino, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl,R.sub.4 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, orR.sub.3 R.sub.4 N=pyrrolidino, piperidino or morpholino,R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 =hydrogen, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, at least one ofR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 being other than hydrogen.These compounds are prepared either by reacting a nitrogen compound with an alkyl 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzoate or with a 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzoic acid, or by hydrolyzing in an acid medium a 2-hydroxy-3-[1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl]-benzonitrile.The compounds have anti-ischemic and .alpha..sub.2 -adrenoceptor agonist activities.

Abstract: New substituted 1H-imidazoles and their salts, processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions.These compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;R.sub.4 =hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy;Y.sub.1 =hydrogen and Y.sub.2 =OZ.sub.2 or the reverse;Z.sub.1 =Z.sub.2 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 =--CH.sub.2 -- or --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --.These compounds are prepared either by reducing a corresponding imidazole compound having a hydroxyl or alkoxy group on the methyl bridge between the imidazole and phenyl rings, or by hydrolyzing a 4-[[2,2-dimethyl-4H-1,3-benzodioxin-6(or 8)-yl]methyl]-1H-imidazole, or yet by reducing an alkyl 3-[(1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-hydroxybenzoate.These compounds have cardiac, cerebral and tissular anti-ischemic activities.

Abstract: 6-Amino-spiro[penam-2,4'-piperidine]-3-carboxylic acids, salts and esters thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzyl or an alkali metal or ammonium ion and R.sub.2 is methyl, phenyl or benzyl and process for preparing the same.These compounds are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of a new group of antibiotics having properties similar to penicillins, besides own antibiotic activity with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Therefore, they are useful as antibacterials agents and as therapeutic agents for humans and for animals in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: 6-Amino-spiro[penam-2,4'-piperidine]-3-carboxylic acid derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a methyl, phenyl or benzyl radical, Z.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom and Z.sub.2 is a radical selected from those known from penicillin chemistry and is preferably a 2-phenylacetyl, 2-amino-2-phenylacetyl, 5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolecarbonyl or 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl radical, or Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 together represent a bivalent radical Z.sub.3 and preferably a (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)methylene radical, as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof and process for preparing the same.These compounds have valuable antibacterial properties and are useful as therapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: Amino-spiro[oxa(or thia)cycloalkane-penam]-carboxylic acid derivatives having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN X is a sulfur or oxygen atom or the sulfinyl group, n is 1 or 2, m is 1 or 2, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, R.sub.2 is one of the radicals known in the chemistry of the penicillins, preferably 2-phenylacetyl, 2-amino-2-phenylacetyl, 5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolecarbonyl or 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent a bivalent radical R.sub.3, preferably (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)methylene and their therapeutically acceptable non-toxic salts and process for preparing the same.These compounds have valuable antibacterial properties and are useful as therapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: Amino-spiro[oxa(or thia)cycloalkane-penam]-carboxylic acid, a salt or an ester thereof, of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is a hydrogen or an alkali metal atom, or a group protecting the carboxylic function, X is a sulfur or oxygen atom, n is 1 or 2, m is 1 or 2, and process of preparing the same.These compounds are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of a new group of antibiotics having properties similar to penicillins, besides own antibiotic activity with a broad antibacterial spectrum.

Abstract: The invention relates to the stereoisomers of novel cyclopentene derivatives and to the preparation thereof.The cyclopentene derivatives are obtained by cycloaddition reaction between cyclopentadiene and a mono-or bis-thioalkyl (or aryl) ketene and reaction between the obtained product and a nucleophile agent.The compounds of the invention are intermediate products valuable for the preparation of different compounds, among which compounds of the prostaglandin type.