Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device able to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and attain the rationalization of a manufacturing line is disclosed. The semiconductor device is a high-frequency module assembled by mounting chip parts (22) and semiconductor pellets (21) onto each of wiring substrates (2) formed on a matrix substrate (27) after inspection. A defect mark (2e) is affixed to a wiring substrate (2) as a block judged to be defective in the inspection of the matrix substrate (27), then in a series of subsequent assembling steps the defect mark (e) is recognized and the assembling work for the wiring substrate (2) with the defect mark (2e) thereon is omitted to attain the rationalization of a manufacturing line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system of applying optical gradient forces to form a plurality of optical traps to manipulate small particles. The system includes a light source for generating a focused beam of light which is directed along an optical axis though a phase patterning optical element having a variable optical surface and which has a virtual lens encoded thereon. The optical element produces a plurality of beamlets that are coverged at a position between the optical element and a single transfer lens, and directed through the transfer lens to overlap at the back aperture of a focusing lens. The focusing lens coverges the beamlets to form a plurality of optical traps in the working focal region where particles to be examined, manipulated, or measured, are disposed.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing a common interface for multiple applications and/or functions in a mobile communication device (MCD). In one exemplary embodiment, this common interface is provided by including one or more micro-servers within the MCD and capable of receiving and processing information from other functions, both internal and external to the mobile communication device. A micro-browser is also optionally resident on the MCD and in communication with the micro-server(s), the latter acting as an application server and as a proxy between the browser and external network agents such as web or carrier servers. The micro-server(s) can also act as a gateway to at least one asynchronous communication channel, and hence allows for more efficient browsing by the MCD.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manipulating, effecting interaction of, photochemically transforming and/or sorting small dielectric particles or other materials. The apparatus and method involves use of one or more diffractive optical elements which each receive a laser beam and form a plurality of laser beams. These laser beams are operated on by a telescope lens system and then an objective lens element to create an array of optical traps for manipulating, effecting interaction of, photochemically transforming and/or sorting small dielectric particles or other materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for control of optical trap arrays and formation of particle arrays using light that is in the visible portion of the spectrum. The method and apparatus provides a laser and a time variable diffractive optical element to allow dynamic control of optical trap arrays and consequent control of particle arrays and also the ability to manipulate singular objects using a plurality of optical traps. By avoiding wavelengths associated with strong absorption in the underlying material, creating optical traps with a continuous-wave laser, optimizing the efficiency of individual traps, and trapping extended samples at multiple points, the rate of deleterious nonlinear optical processes can be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to generating and controlling optical trap arrays for manipulating particles. In particular, the invention relates to a dual function optical element able to both diffract laser light into beamlets and converge the beamlets (acting as a virtual lens for laser light), thereby eliminating the need for multiple physical lenses to transfer the diffracted laser beams to a focusing lens. The invention also relates to improved monitoring or optical traps by limiting the amount of noise reflected and scattered resulting from un-diffracted, laser light.

Abstract: A holographic apparatus of the type comprising a conoscopic system including a birefringent crystal inserted between two polarizers, wherein the apparatus also includes an aperture angle limiter inserted on the path of the light rays and wherein one of the birefringent crystal and the aperture angle limiter is disposed off the optical axis of the apparatus.

Abstract: A method of generating a quasi-complex hologram using incoherent light and a conoscope system comprising a birefringent crystal (30) inserted between two circular polarizers (10, 20), the method comprising the following steps: (i) recording a plurality of different conoscopic holograms of the same object without relative displacement thereof and with respective different polarization configurations; and (ii) combining the various conoscopic holograms obtained in this way in order to remove the bias and the conjugate image. The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method.