Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses for sorbent recharging are provided. The methods and related apparatuses for recharging can recharge a specific rechargeable layer of a sorbent material such as zirconium phosphate in a sorbent cartridge. The methods and apparatuses include passing solutions containing combinations of acids, bases and salts through a module containing a rechargeable sorbent material such as zirconium phosphate in order to replace ions bound to the zirconium phosphate with hydrogen and sodium ions. The method allows for a customizable zirconium phosphate, with control over the ratios of sodium to hydrogen on the recharged zirconium phosphate.

Abstract: A method for the extraction and purification of urease from jack beans or other natural sources of urease. The method provides an efficient way to obtain purified urease from natural sources. The method can include defatting the natural sources of urease, extracting the urease from impurities, and further purification of the extracted urease.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses for sorbent recharging are provided. The methods and related apparatuses for recharging can recharge a specific rechargeable layer of a sorbent material such as zirconium phosphate in a sorbent cartridge. The methods and apparatuses include passing solutions containing combinations of acids, bases and salts through a module containing a rechargeable sorbent material such as zirconium phosphate in order to replace ions bound to the zirconium phosphate with hydrogen and sodium ions. The method allows for a customizable zirconium phosphate, with control over the ratios of sodium to hydrogen on the recharged zirconium phosphate.

Abstract: Intradermal delivery devices, systems and methods thereof for the administration of a natriuretic or chimeric peptide are described. The described delivery devices, systems and methods provide for the treatment of pathological conditions such as kidney disease alone, heart failure alone, concomitant kidney disease and heart failure, or cardiorenal syndrome by delivery of a natriuretic or chimeric peptide through a microneedle array using a delivery pump. The described delivery devices, systems and methods can provide for greater availability of a natriuretic or chimeric peptide and improved pharmacokinetics.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors having optimized permselective membranes and methods for making and using such sensors. Embodiments of the invention also provide analyte sensors such as those having porous matrices coated with an analyte sensing composition and methods for making and using such sensors. Illustrative embodiments include electrochemical glucose sensors having glucose oxidase coatings.

Abstract: A long term analyte sensor for measuring at least one analyte in the body of a user and which includes a housing, a plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements and at least one structure for relaying information away from the sensor. This plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements are typically disposed in an array. The analyte sensor further includes at least one sensor protection membrane that is controllable in a manner such that sensor elements may be activated (e.g. exposed to the external environment) at different times so as to extend the useful life of the sensor. In illustrative analyte sensors, the analyte is glucose.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing substances from blood is disclosed. The apparatus includes concentric cylinders defining an annulus therebetween with the inner cylinder adapted for rotation with respect to the outer cylinder. At least one of the cylinders includes a porous membrane covered portion forming a compartment containing an immobilized active species. The active species is adapted to break down or remove the substance. Plasma in blood flowing in the annulus passes through the porous membrane and interacts with the active species either by reaction or binding. Red and white blood cells do not pass through the membrane. In this way, a substance is removed from plasma without exposing blood cells to the active species.