Abstract: The present disclosure includes implant systems, devices, and implants. The interbody spacers including a first endplate, a second endplate, and a coupling member coupled to and extending between the first endplate and the second endplate. Methods of using the interbody spacers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A force measuring apparatus is described. The apparatus includes a force concentrator. The force concentrator is configured to attach to a loadbearing medical device and to produce a transverse force related to an eccentric axial force applied to the loadbearing medical device. A bending stiffness of the force concentrator is different from a bending stiffness of the loadbearing medical device.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes implant systems, devices, and implants. The interbody spacers including a first endplate, a second endplate, and a coupling member coupled to and extending between the first endplate and the second endplate. Methods of using the interbody spacers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A force measuring apparatus is described. The apparatus includes a force concentrator. The force concentrator is configured to attach to a loadbearing medical device and to produce a transverse force related to an eccentric axial force applied to the loadbearing medical device. A bending stiffness of the force concentrator is different from a bending stiffness of the loadbearing medical device.

Abstract: A toothbrush head and a method for brushing teeth. The toothbrush head includes a first brushing portion, and a second brushing portion. A first orientation of the toothbrush head includes the first brushing portion contacting an inside of at least one upper tooth and the second brushing portion contacting an outside of at least one lower tooth. A second orientation of the toothbrush head includes the first brushing portion contacting an inside of at least one lower tooth and the second brushing portion contacting an outside of at least one upper tooth. The method includes steps as follows: a) contacting, with a toothbrush head, an inside of at least one upper tooth concurrently with an outside of at least one lower tooth; and b) contacting, with the toothbrush head, an inside of at least one lower tooth concurrently an outside of at least one upper tooth.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes implant systems, devices, and implants. The interbody spacers including a first endplate, a second endplate, and a coupling member coupled to and extending between the first endplate and the second endplate. Methods of using the interbody spacers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A force measuring apparatus is described. The apparatus includes a force concentrator. The force concentrator is configured to attach to a loadbearing medical device and to produce a transverse force related to an eccentric axial force applied to the loadbearing medical device. A bending stiffness of the force concentrator is different from a bending stiffness of the loadbearing medical device.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a patient force during a motion includes a tether adapted to be biased during a motion so that a tension force is applied. The tether is connected a motor and generates a tether force about the motor. The system controls the motor by generating a motor torque in a direction opposite the tether force. A recording module stores the motor torque at a plurality of intervals during the motion and a position of the tether. A display module generates a plot of a position of the patient versus a force generated by the patient. The position of the patient corresponds to the cumulative rotation of the shaft in the first direction about the axis of rotation of the shaft at each of the intervals. The force generated by the patient corresponds to the amount of motor torque at each of the intervals.

Abstract: A sensor system for sensing a stimulus in vivo includes an implantable sensor. The sensor comprises a passive resonator circuit having a resonant frequency and including at least a pair of generally parallel spirally wound unconnected conductive coils sandwiching a layer of solid dielectric material that manifest a change in property affecting the resonant frequency in response to application of the stimulus to the layer. A resonant frequency of the sensor is modulated by altering the spacing or gap between the coils or altering the overlapping area of the coils. The sensor is energized through application of radiofrequency energy and the responding resonant frequency is detected. The sensor can be advantageously attached to a medical implant to form a practical smart implant for clinical purposes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a custom foot orthotic for a patient is described. The method includes collecting dynamic pressure data of a plantar surface of the foot of the patient at multiple time frames during a gait cycle of the patient, determining the dimensions of the patient's foot from the dynamic pressure data, scaling a three dimensional model of a foot orthotic along the x and y axes to form a scaled three dimensional model which approximates the dimensions of the patient's foot and adjusting the height of the scaled model along the z-axis in one or more regions based on the dynamic pressure data to form a three-dimensional model of the custom foot orthotic. A method is also provided which includes creating a two-dimensional model of a custom foot orthotic from dynamic pressure data and extruding the two-dimensional model in one or more regions based on the dynamic pressure data to form a three-dimensional model of the custom foot orthotic. The orthotic can be manufactured using 3D printing.

Abstract: A sensor system for sensing a stimulus in vivo includes an implantable sensor. The sensor comprises a passive resonator circuit having a resonant frequency and including at least a pair of generally parallel spirally wound unconnected conductive coils sandwiching a layer of solid dielectric material that manifest a change in property affecting the resonant frequency in response to application of the stimulus to the layer. A resonant frequency of the sensor is modulated by altering the spacing or gap between the coils or altering the overlapping area of the coils. The sensor is energized through application of radiofrequency energy and the responding resonant frequency is detected. The sensor can be advantageously attached to a medical implant to form a practical smart implant for clinical purposes.