Abstract: There are many inventions described herein as well as many aspects and embodiments of those inventions, for example, multi-bit memory cell and circuitry and techniques for reading, writing and/or operating a multi-bit memory cell (and memory cell array having a plurality of such memory cells) having one or more electrically floating body transistors in which an electrical charge is stored in the body region of the electrically floating body transistor. The multi-bit memory cell stores more than one data bit (for example, two, three, four, five, six, etc.) and/or more than two data states (for example, three, four, five, six, etc. data or logic states. Notably, the memory cell array may comprise a portion of an integrated circuit device, for example, logic device (for example, a microprocessor) or a portion of a memory device (for example, a discrete memory).

Abstract: A method of fabricating a porous or partially porous three-dimensional metal article for use as a tissue ingrowth surface on a prosthesis. The porous article is formed using direct laser remelting in a cross section of a layer of metallic powder on a build platform without fusing thereto. The power, speed, spot size and beam overlap of the scanning laser is coordinated so that a predetermined porosity of the metallic powder can be achieved. Laser factors also vary depending from the thickness of the powder layer, type of metallic powder and size and size distribution of the powder particles. Successive depositing and remelting of individual layers are repeated until the article is fully formed by a layer-by-layer fashion. In an additional embodiment, a first layer of metallic powder may be deposited on a solid base or core and fused thereto.

Abstract: The subject of this disclosure is a brace for a variety of power tools to assist a user in controlling the tool. The brace extends from the power tool, and engages the forearm of the user to offset the pivot moment about the users wrist due to the weight and length of the power tool. The brace is configured to pivot in the horizontal and/or vertical plane to increase the ease of use and comfort of the user and/or to reduce the length of the overall tool and brace for storage.

Abstract: The embodiment of the invention is related to a processor configured for determining a predetermined number of frequency estimates, determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset, unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset, calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values and calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period and calculating a speed of a communication system terminal using the Doppler frequency.

Abstract: A prosthesis for implantation in a femur has a metallic stem portion having a smooth outer surface and a distal tip. A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sleeve surrounds and is in contact with the stem portion. The sleeve has a cavity for receiving the stem tip and a bottom of said cavity spaced from the tip. A metal sheath has a cavity for receiving the sleeve. The metal sheath has a porous outer tissue ingrowth surface and a roughened inner surface. The PMMA sleeve is bonded to the inner surface of the metal sheath with a PMMA bone cement. The stem portion, sleeve and metal sheath all taper inwardly moving from a proximal stem portion to a distal stem portion.

Abstract: A meniscus implant having a compressible bearing element with an articulation surface. The implant also includes a bone-securing element extending downwardly from the bearing element and configured to be engaged within a channel created within a tibial plateau.

Abstract: A method of building an orthopedic implant including the steps of mixing a powder having antimicrobial properties with a biocompatible powder to form a mixture. Next, the mixture is deposited on top of a substrate. The substrate may be part of the finished product or only a work platform. The mixture layer is then selectively melted.

Abstract: A method of producing an orthopedic implant including the steps of building a flat open model of at least a portion of an implant. The flat open model may be built using a selective laser center process. The flat open model preferably includes at least one groove along either a first surface or a second surface of the model. Next a force may be applied to the flat open model at predetermined locations to thereby cause the model to bend and assume a shape similar to a desired result. The now bent model may be resurfaced by either applying additional material such that the bent flat open model assumes the shape of a desired implant or the bent open model may be snap fit to an additional element.

Abstract: A trochlear groove implant includes a body having an articulate-bearing surface, a bone-facing surface and an edge extending therebetween for repairing a trochlear groove. The articulate-bearing surface configured to mimic a portion of a normal trochlear groove. The implant further includes at least one anchoring mechanism extending outwardly from the body.

Abstract: A data transmission method comprises receiving a channel access request to a radio receiving unit from a mobile station of the telecommunication system, and performing an operation on the channel access request using a predefined configuration of devices and algorithms of the radio receiving unit. After filtering the background noise from the channel access request; a characteristic of the channel access request against at least one predefined detection rule, and the channel access request is considered valid if the characteristic of the channel access request fulfils the detection rule. Essentially, the detection rule is not dependent on the configuration of the radio receiving unit.

Abstract: A prosthetic glenoid component for attachment to a scapula to provide a bearing for a humeral head in a shoulder prosthesis has a one-piece bearing element having a concave lateral bearing surface for contact with the humeral head with which it is to be used. An opposing relatively hard medial surface of the bearing element is provided for attachment to a scapula. The lateral surface is a soft low modulus concave lateral bearing surface extends around the periphery of the bearing element and increases its thickness to provide a deformable rim to simulate the labrum in an anatomical glenoid. The bearing element preferably has two affixation pegs which project from the medial face thereof, one at a superior position which projects in a superior direction and the other which is located in an inferior position and which projects in an inferior direction which is angled in relation to the medial-lateral direction.

Abstract: There are many inventions described herein as well as many aspects and embodiments of those inventions, for example, multi-bit memory cell and circuitry and techniques for reading, writing and/or operating a multi-bit memory cell (and memory cell array having a plurality of such memory cells) having one or more electrically floating body transistors in which an electrical charge is stored in the body region of the electrically floating body transistor. The multi-bit memory cell stores more than one data bit (for example, two, three, four, five, six, etc.) and/or more than two data states (for example, three, four, five, six, etc. data or logic states. Notably, the memory cell array may comprise a portion of an integrated circuit device, for example, logic device (for example, a microprocessor) or a portion of a memory device (for example, a discrete memory).

Abstract: A prosthetic bearing element and a method for forming the same includes an injection molded bearing made of PEEK resin with short carbon fiber reinforcement. The inner surface of the PEEK bearing is adapted to receive a ceramic or metal articulation component. The outer surface of the bearing layer includes sputtered titanium particles forming a porous backing layer. Hydroxyapatite is then sputtered or otherwise deposited onto the titanium backing layer to form an outer surface of the prosthetic bearing element. A barrier layer can be formed either of PEEK or titanium which layer is between the outer surface of the molded bearing and the inner surface of the porous structure. The barrier layer prevents tissue ingrowth into the bearing component. Hydroxyapatite is then sputtered onto the outer porous layer or applied by solution deposition. This outer surface of the prosthetic bearing element can then be coated with bone morphogenic protein.

Abstract: Method of providing a desired material on at least a portion of a surface of a substrate of a component, such as a medical implant component. The method may comprise the steps of arranging the component in a holding fixture which is capable of holding the component at atmospheric or substantially atmospheric pressure, and spraying particles of the desired material at a predetermined high velocity toward the at least one portion of the surface of the substrate so as to enable a layer of the material to be accumulated thereon. The spraying may be performed at atmospheric or substantially atmospheric pressure. The desired material may be a reactive type material, such as titanium or an alloy thereof. The method may enable a high density coating or layer of the material to be provided without the use of a post spray thermal consolidation process.

Abstract: An implantable medical device includes a porous metal foam or foam-like structure having pores defined by metal struts or webs wherein the porous structure has directionally controlled pore characteristics. The pore characteristics controlled include one or more of the metal structure porosity, pore size, pore shape, pore size distribution and strut thickness. The pore characteristics may vary in one or more directions throughout the structure. Preferably the pore characteristics are controlled to match the porous metal structure to various mechanical and biological requirements of different regions of the structure in order to optimize aspects of the implants performance and may vary not only over the surface of the porous structure but through the depth of the porous structure. The thickness of the porous metal structure may also be modified to establish a thickness profile that optimizes mechanical and biological requirements of the implants performance.

Abstract: A method of forming an implant having a porous tissue ingrowth structure and a bearing support structure. The method includes depositing a first layer of a metal powder onto a substrate, scanning a laser beam over the powder so as to sinter the metal powder at predetermined locations, depositing at least one layer of the metal powder onto the first layer and repeating the scanning of the laser beam.

Abstract: A receiver for receiving transmitted signals comprising reference information known to said receiver, said receiver comprising means for estimating said reference information and non reference information to provide estimated information, said non reference information being at least one of immediately preceding and immediately succeeding said reference information; and means for using the estimated information to determine an error said received signals and to compensate for said error.

Abstract: The embodiment of the invention is related to a processor comprising, for example, means for determining a predetermined number of frequency estimates, means for determining an average of the frequency estimates for obtaining an averaged frequency offset, means for unbiasing received samples and/or impulse response values using the averaged frequency offset, means for calculating Doppler frequency estimates using the unbiased received samples and/or impulse response values and means for calculating selected second order statistics of the Doppler frequency estimates over a predetermined period.

Abstract: A flexible acetabular cup is provided which has an inner bearing surface which comprises a substantially part-spherical portion and two independent arms projecting therefrom. The arms form a separation or opening in the rim of the cup with the external surface of the cup being shaped to cause the independent arms to be pre-stressed towards each other when the cup is inserted in place in a pre-prepared acetabular socket. One way of accomplishing this is to form the cup with the arms bowed outwardly at the time of manufacture.

Abstract: A data transmission method comprises receiving a channel access request to a radio receiving unit from a mobile station of the telecommunication system, and performing an operation on the channel access request using a predefined configuration of devices and algorithms of the radio receiving unit. After filtering the background noise from the channel access request; a characteristic of the channel access request against at least one predefined detection rule, and the channel access request is considered valid if the characteristic of the channel access request fulfils the detection rule. Essentially, the detection rule is not dependent on the configuration of the radio receiving unit.