Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for depolymerizing lignin. Prior to depolymerization, a lignin compound such as an isolated lignin with little or no crosslinking is oxidized. Lignin depolymerization includes electrochemically reducing the oxidized lignin compound by application of an electrical current through a reaction medium containing the oxidized lignin compound therein. The reaction medium can be an aqueous electrolyte medium including water, a lower alkanol solvent, an electrolyte, and a base or other pH-adjusting agent to maintain the reaction medium at an alkaline pH during electroreductive cleavage.

Abstract: An autonomous fabrication method and system are described. A multi-axis robotic arm having at least one end effector is provided, where the at least one end effector comprises an additive manufacturing (AM) toolhead and a component gripping mechanism. The multi-axis robotic arm is directed to fabricate a first portion of an object in a workspace using the AM toolhead, select a prefabricated part using the component gripping mechanism, place the prefabricated part in a predetermined location of the object, and fabricate a second portion of the object in the workspace using the AM toolhead. The object may be one of an unmanned aerial vehicle and an unmanned ground-based vehicle.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for depolymerizing lignin. The method includes reacting a lignin compound with a thiol compound to depolymerize the lignin compound and to form a depolymerized lignin product having a reduced molecular weight relative to the lignin compound prior to reacting. The method can further include forming an oxidized thiol reaction product between two thiol groups from one or more thiol compounds, and then reducing the oxidized thiol reaction product to re-form or regenerate the thiol compound for further lignin depolymerization.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for depolymerizing lignin. The method includes reacting a lignin compound with a thiol compound to depolymerize the lignin compound and to form a depolymerized lignin product having a reduced molecular weight relative to the lignin compound prior to reacting. The method can further include forming an oxidized thiol reaction product between two thiol groups from one or more thiol compounds, and then reducing the oxidized thiol reaction product to re-form or regenerate the thiol compound for further lignin depolymerization.