Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed comprising at least one cylinder arrangement, an exhaust conduit, and at least one turbine. The cylinder arrangement comprises an exhaust port arrangement configured to open and close an exhaust flow area, ACYL. The cylinder arrangement has a maximum volume, VMAX. The exhaust conduit extends between the exhaust flow area, ACYL, and a turbine wheel inlet area, ATIN, of the turbine and has an exhaust conduit volume, VEXH that is ?0.5 times the maximum volume, VMAX. The exhaust port arrangement is configured to expose the exhaust flow area, ACYL, at a size of at least 0.22 times the maximum volume, VMAX, when a piston of the cylinder arrangement is at the bottom dead centre, BDC.

Abstract: A four-stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed. A camshaft and a crankshaft if the engine are synchronized to rotate at a same rotational speed. A first linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of an exhaust valve head. A second linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of the intake valve head. A control unit is configured for controlling the first linkage arrangement to selectively prevent the motion of the exhaust valve head and for controlling the second linkage arrangement to selectively prevent the motion of the intake valve head.

Abstract: A four-stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed. A camshaft and a crankshaft if the engine are synchronised to rotate at a same rotational speed. A first linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of an exhaust valve head. A second linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of the intake valve head. A control unit is configured for controlling the first linkage arrangement to selectively prevent or reduce the motion of the exhaust valve head and for controlling the second linkage arrangement to selectively prevent or reduce the motion of the intake valve head.

Abstract: A four-stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed. A camshaft and a crankshaft if the engine are synchronised to rotate at a same rotational speed. A first linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of an exhaust valve head. A second linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of the intake valve head. A control unit is configured for controlling the first linkage arrangement to selectively prevent or reduce the motion of the exhaust valve head and for controlling the second linkage arrangement to selectively prevent or reduce the motion of the intake valve head.

Abstract: A four-stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed. A camshaft and a crankshaft if the engine are synchronized to rotate at a same rotational speed. A first linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of an exhaust valve head. A second linkage arrangement is configured to change the motion of the intake valve head. A control unit is configured for controlling the first linkage arrangement to selectively prevent the motion of the exhaust valve head and for controlling the second linkage arrangement to selectively prevent the motion of the intake valve head.

Abstract: A method to control a four-stroke combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder; a piston arranged in each cylinder; at least one inlet valve arranged in each cylinder which is connected with an inlet system; at least one first camshaft which controls each inlet valve; at least one exhaust valve arranged in each cylinder which is connected with an exhaust system; at least one second camshaft which controls each exhaust valve; and a crankshaft which controls each camshaft. At least one phase-shifting device is arranged between the crankshaft and the second camshaft, to phase-shift the second camshaft in relation to the crankshaft to a state, where the exhaust valve is controlled in such a way, that it is opened during the expansion stroke of the engine and closed during the exhaust stroke of the engine, to achieve engine braking through compression in the cylinders during the exhaust stroke.

Abstract: Provided is a four stroke internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder arrangement, a crankshaft, a camshaft, and a turbine. The camshaft is synchronized with the crankshaft to rotate at a same rotational speed as the crankshaft. A linkage arrangement is configured to prevent the motion of the valve head every alternate rotation of the camshaft, such that the exhaust opening remains closed during a compression stroke of the piston. Also a method for controlling a four stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine is disclosed comprising at least one cylinder arrangement, an exhaust conduit, and at least one turbine. The cylinder arrangement comprises an exhaust port arrangement configured to open and close an exhaust flow area, ACYL. The cylinder arrangement has a maximum volume, VMAX. The exhaust conduit extends between the exhaust flow area, ACYL, and a turbine wheel inlet area, ATIN, of the turbine and has an exhaust conduit volume, VEXH that is ?0.5 times the maximum volume, VMAX. The exhaust port arrangement is configured to expose the exhaust flow area, ACYL, at a size of at least 0.22 times the maximum volume, VMAX, when a piston of the cylinder arrangement is at the bottom dead centre, BDC.

Abstract: A method to control a four-stroke combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder; a piston arranged in each cylinder; at least one inlet valve arranged in each cylinder which is connected with an inlet system; at least one first camshaft which controls each inlet valve; at least one exhaust valve arranged in each cylinder which is connected with an exhaust system; at least one second camshaft which controls each exhaust valve; and a crankshaft which controls each camshaft. At least one phase-shifting device is arranged between the crankshaft and the second camshaft, to phase-shift the second camshaft in relation to the crankshaft to a state, where the exhaust valve is controlled in such a way, that it is opened during the expansion stroke of the engine and closed during the exhaust stroke of the engine, to achieve engine braking through compression in the cylinders during the exhaust stroke.

Abstract: A multicylinder internal combustion engine with an exhaust-driven turbocompressor and with a divided exhaust flow has at least two exhaust valves and one intake valve per cylinder. A first exhaust valve is connected to a first exhaust manifold which leads to the turbine of the compressor, while a second exhaust valve is connected to a second exhaust manifold which opens downstream of the turbine. In the top dead center position of the piston, the second exhaust valve and the intake valve are open at the same time for a period. The synchronization between these valves is such that the length of the period during which they are open together increases with the engine speed when the engine is driven at high load. In this way, the possibilities are improved of the engine providing good torque over a wide engine speed range.

Abstract: A turbo-fed internal combustion engine has a first and a second exhaust-gas valve per cylinder, these exhaust-gas valves each being connected to their respective exhaust manifold. One exhaust manifold conducts exhaust gases to an exhaust-gas turbine and the other exhaust manifold conducts subsequent exhaust gases past this exhaust-gas turbine which drives a compressor for charge air. The intake valve of the cylinder is arranged so as, as the engine speed increases, to close either earlier, before the piston reaches its bottom dead center, or later, after the piston has passed its bottom dead center. In this way, the temperature increase resulting from compression in the cylinder is reduced. Cooled air from the compressor can be taken in so as to obtain an adequate degree of filling in the cylinder, with a lower final temperature.

Abstract: In an internal-combustion engine (1) of the Otto type, in which exhaust gases are used in order to drive a turbocompressor (14, 15) for supercharging the engine, the engine is designed in such a manner that it can, at high load, be run with a lean mixture during supercharging, the air/fuel ratio being at least 19:1. The lean mixture is brought about by virtue of the fact that the charging pressure increases while the fuel quantity is maintained. The engine is advantageously provided with a divided exhaust-gas discharge in order to improve the operating characteristics.

Abstract: Exhaust flow system for a split exhaust flow in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine (3) fitted with an exhaust-driven supercharger (2) of the turbocompressor type, whose exhaust system incorporates a catalytic exhaust cleaner (58; 58'), where each cylinder of the engine has both a first exhaust valve (51), from which released exhaust gas is fed to a first exhaust collector (53) common to the cylinders, which collector is connected directly to the exhaust turbine inlet by a first exhaust branch pipe (54), and a second exhaust valve (52), from which released exhaust gas is fed to an exhaust pipe (56), which incorporates a silencer (61). At least one valve (50) adjustable according to the operating conditions of the engine (3), is arranged downstream from the second exhaust valves (52) of the cylinders, in their connection (59, 55, 57) to the exhaust pipe (56) between the exhaust turbine outlet (20) and the silencer (61).