Abstract: Photosensitizing dyes are often used in conjunction with a photoacid generator in holographic recording media. Conventional photosensitizing dyes typically are limited by having an appreciable absorption of light when used in a sufficient concentration, such that the intensity of light decreases significantly with penetration into a recording medium. The present invention discloses a number of new 5-alkynyl substituted napthacene photosensitizing dyes that have low extinction coefficients coupled with good sensitizing properties, such that the problems associated with the photosensitizing dyes absorbing light are significantly reduced.

Abstract: Photosensitizing dyes are often used in conjunction with a photoacid generator in photopolymerizable materials and in holographic recording media. Typical dyes for these materials are used in the region of the visible spectrum for wavelengths greater than about 450 run. The present invention discloses a number of new 1,4-alkynyl substituted napthalene photosensitizing dyes that have suitably low extinction coefficients coupled with good sensitizing properties for use in such materials at wavelengths in the visible spectrum region of about 400 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical disk, card or media which comprises: a) a plurality of data structures that are readable by the interrogating beam of light; and b) a composition on or in the optical disk, card or media disposed so that when the optical disk, card or media is used in the optical read-out system, the interrogating beam of light passes through the composition before or after contacting some or all of the data structures. The composition comprises a polymeric matrix with an organometallic complex dissolved therein or with metal, transition metal, metal oxide or transition metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly dispersed therein. The composition is substantially transparent to the interrogating beam and/or is substantially colorless.

Abstract: A polymerizable media, including holographic recording media, and methods of use of the same. The media comprises at least one monomer or oligomer which undergoes polymerization to form a polymer; a compound, which absorbs actinic radiation of a first wavelength and forms a sensitizer which absorbs actinic radiation of a second wavelength; and an initiator, which, in combination with the sensitizer, initiates polymerization of the at least one monomer or oligomer when said sensitizer is exposed to actinic radiation of the second wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new class of triarylsulfonium salt photoacid generators (PAGs), which are thermally stable and can be activated by long wavelength UV or visible light. The sulfonium PAGs of the present invention are additionally soluble in monomers that can be polymerized by cationic polymerization chemistry, and mixtures of said sulfonium PAGs and monomers can be stored for long periods of time without undergoing polymerization. Furthermore, typical holographic recording media comprising one of these sulfonium PAGs, polymerizable monomer(s), a sensitizing dye, and a binder can be stored for long periods of time without exhibiting significant loss of recording sensitivity. Preferred sulfonium PAGs of the present invention are sulfonium PAGs substituted with one or more fluoro or fluoroalkyl groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical disk, card or media which comprises: a) a plurality of data structures that are readable by the interrogating beam of light; and b)a composition on or in the optical disk, card or media disposed so that when the optical disk, card or media is used in the optical read-out system, the interrogating beam of light passes through the composition before or after contacting some or all of the data structures. The composition comprises a polymeric matrix with an organometallic complex dissolved therein or with metal, transition metal, metal oxide or transition metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly dispersed therein. The composition is substantially transparent to the interrogating beam and/or is substantially colorless.

Abstract: Photosensitizing dyes are often used in conjunction with a photoacid generator in holographic recording media. Conventional photosensitizing dyes typically are limited by having an appreciable absorption of light when used in a sufficient concentration, such that the intensity of light decreases significantly with penetration into a recording medium. The present invention discloses a number of new 5-alkynyl substituted napthacene photosensitizing dyes that have low extinction coefficients coupled with good sensitizing properties, such that the problems associated with the photosensitizing dyes absorbing light are significantly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell having a controlled electrode surface, comprising: a first electrode and a second electrode wherein at least one of the first and second electrodes has a carbonaceous surface; an electrolyte containing at least one solvent; an additive associated with the carbonaceous surface of at least one of the first and second electrodes, wherein the additive comprises a compound having a molecular weight of not less than 105.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell comprising: a current collecting substrate; an active material layer associated with the substrate; and solid electrolyte interface layer associated with the active material layer, the solid electrolyte interface layer containing a reaction product of an aromatic compound.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium showing little or no shrinkage after exposure comprises an acid generator capable of producing an acid upon exposure to actinic radiation; a binder; a difunctional epoxide monomer or oligomer; and a polyfunctional (i.e., tri- or higher functional) epoxide monomer or oligomer, the difunctional and polyfunctional epoxide monomers or oligomers being capable of undergoing cationic polymerization initiated by the acid produced from the acid generator. The medium is especially useful for holographic data storage applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical disk, card or media which comprises: a) a plurality of data structures that are readable by the interrogating beam of light; and b)a composition on or in the optical disk, card or media disposed so that when the optical disk, card or media is used in the optical read-out system, the interrogating beam of light passes through the composition before or after contacting some or all of the data structures. The composition comprises a polymeric matrix with an organometallic complex dissolved therein or with metal, transition metal, metal oxide or transition metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly dispersed therein. The composition is substantially transparent to the interrogating beam and/or is substantially colorless.

Abstract: A pre-passivated electrode for use in an electrochemical cell comprising an uncharged current collecting substrate, an active material layer associated with the substrate, and a solid electrolyte interface layer associated with the active material layer. The pre-passivated electrode fabricated in accordance with the present invention exhibits, among other things, increased coulombic efficiency and capacity.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium comprises (a) an acid generator capable of generating an acid upon exposure to actinic radiation; and (b) a polymer comprising a plurality of high refractive index moieties, a plurality of low refractive index moieties, and a plurality of acid-sensitive linking groups connecting the high and low refractive index moieties. When an interference pattern is formed within this medium, in the light areas of this interference pattern acid is generated by the acid generator and cleaves the acid-sensitive linking groups, thereby causing separation of either the high or the low refractive index moieties from the polymer, and formation of a hologram within the medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell having a controlled electrode surface, comprising:

Abstract: An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell comprising a current collector, an electrode active material layer, and means for substantially increasing surface compatibility between the electrode active material layer and at least one of the current collector and an associated electrolyte. The surface compatibility increasing means includes at least a portion of the electrode active material layer associated with an interface modifying component, such as the product of a hydrosilated allylether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell comprising:

Abstract: A process for conditioning an electrochemical cell comprising the steps of fabricating an electrochemical cell comprising a first electrode which comprises a carbonaceous active material and a lithium polysilicate binder, a second electrode, and an electrolyte, and controllably cycling the electrochemical cell, and in turn, forming a passivation layer near the interface between the first electrode and the electrolyte.

Abstract: A process for generation of acid uses a medium comprising a first acid-generating component capable of generating a first acid, and a secondary acid generator, this secondary acid generator being capable of thermal decomposition to form a secondary acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the first acid. At least part of the medium is exposed to so as to cause formation of the first acid from the first acid-generating component; and the medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed part of the medium, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.

Abstract: A process for conditioning an electrochemical cell comprising the steps of fabricating an electrochemical cell comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte, associating an additive with the electrochemical cell, elevating the temperature of the electrochemical cell, and cycling the electrochemical cell, and in turn, forming a passivation layer at an interface between one of the electrodes and the electrolyte.

Abstract: A process for generation of acid uses a medium comprising a first acid-generating component capable of generating a first acid, and a secondary acid generator, this secondary acid generator being capable of thermal decomposition to form a secondary acid, the thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator being catalyzed by the first acid. At least part of the medium is exposed to so as to cause formation of the first acid from the first acid-generating component; and the medium is then heated to cause, in the exposed part of the medium, acid-catalyzed thermal decomposition of the secondary acid generator and formation of the secondary acid.