Abstract: An electrochemical cell and battery system including cells, each cell including a catholyte, an anolyte, and a separator disposed between the catholyte and anolyte and that is permeable to the at least one ionic species (for example, a metal cation or the hydroxide ion). The catholyte solution includes a ferricyanide, permanganate, manganate, sulfur, and/or polysulfide compound, and the anolyte includes a sulfide and/or polysulfide compound. These electrochemical couples may be embodied in various physical architectures, including static (non-flowing) architectures or in flow battery (flowing) architectures.

Abstract: In described embodiments, a wrestling headgear assembly is disclosed. The headgear includes a first ear piece and a second earpiece connected to the first earpiece by at least two connections. Each of the first and second earpieces comprises a generally planar inner layer constructed from a compressible material. The inner layer has a generally central inner opening extending therethough. A generally convex outer layer is fixedly attached to the inner layer. The outer layer is constructed from a rigid material and includes a plurality of outer openings aligned with the inner opening. A sound speaker is located between the inner layer and the outer layer such that the speaker is aligned with the inner opening.

Abstract: In described embodiments, a wrestling headgear assembly is disclosed. The headgear includes a first ear piece and a second earpiece connected to the first earpiece by at least two connections. Each of the first and second earpieces comprises a generally planar inner layer constructed from a compressible material. The inner layer has a generally central inner opening extending therethough. A generally convex outer layer is fixedly attached to the inner layer. The outer layer is constructed from a rigid material and includes a plurality of outer openings aligned with the inner opening. A sound speaker is located between the inner layer and the outer layer such that the speaker is aligned with the inner opening.

Abstract: An improved microcalorimeter-type energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer provides sufficient energy resolution and throughput for practical high spatial resolution x-ray mapping of a sample at low electron beam energies. When used with a dual beam system that provides the capability to etch a layer from the sample, the system can be used for three-dimensional x-ray mapping. A preferred system uses an x-ray optic having a wide-angle opening to increase the fraction of x-rays leaving the sample that impinge on the detector and multiple detectors to avoid pulse pile up.

Abstract: An improved microcalorimeter-type energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer provides sufficient energy resolution and throughput for practical high spatial resolution x-ray mapping of a sample at low electron beam energies. When used with a dual beam system that provides the capability to etch a layer from the sample, the system can be used for three-dimensional x-ray mapping. A preferred system uses an x-ray optic having a wide-angle opening to increase the fraction of x-rays leaving the sample that impinge on the detector and multiple detectors to avoid pulse pile up.

Abstract: An adjustable brush for cleaning a drive or sprocket chain has a C-shaped toolhead fixed to a handle with an opposing cleaning element. The length of the handle sufficiently keeps users hands away from the chain during cleaning, and provides a means for the opposing cleaning element to clean generally inaccessible areas. The toolhead defines a chain passage recess having a plurality of inner sides. Each inner side has projecting retaining members to define a brush block cavity adapted to removably receive a brush block element such that a cleaning member formed thereon projects into the recess. Likewise, the opposing cleaning element has a pair of retaining members projecting therefrom to define a brush block cavity adapted to removably receive a brush block element.

Abstract: An adjustable brush for cleaning a drive or sprocket chain has a C-shaped toolhead fixed to a handle with an opposing cleaning element. The length of the handle sufficiently keeps users hands away from the chain during cleaning, and provides a means for the opposing cleaning element to clean generally inaccessible areas. The toolhead defines a chain passage recess having a plurality of inner sides. Each inner side has projecting retaining members to define a brush block cavity adapted to removably receive a brush block element such that a cleaning member formed thereon projects into the recess. Likewise, the opposing cleaning element has a pair of retaining members projecting therefrom to define a brush block cavity adapted to removably receive a brush block element.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for scheduling a delivery and for providing delivery status notification which includes the steps of accessing a scheduling and notification database, inputting delivery data into the scheduling and notification database relating to an item to be delivered, collecting, delivery data into a delivery order, transmitting the delivery order relating to the item to be delivered together with a delivery request, receiving an acceptance or a decline of the delivery request, and providing notification of either acceptance or a decline of the delivery request