Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods comprising polysuccinimides, polyaspartic acid and salts thereof, wherein the polysuccinimides, polyaspartic acid and salts thereof are of renewable or non-petrochemical origin.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and diester derivatives of malonic acid are provided. For example, a dialkyl malonate may be prepared by the steps of (i) separating calcium malonate crystals from a fermentation broth; (ii) obtaining dissolved malonic acid; (iii) crystallizing the dissolved malonic acid; and (iv) performing esterification to obtain the dialkyl malonate. The disclosed methods produce diester derivatives of malonic acid with fewer impurities, which is useful for many industrial processes. The diester derivatives of malonic acid can be purified from existing sources of malonic acid, or from malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and crystalline calcium malonate is provided. The calcium malonate is highly pure and provides a source of malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source rather than existing processes which rely on the use of petroleum-based products. The calcium malonate provides an improved source of malonic acid, which is important to many industrial processes.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and crystalline calcium malonate is provided. The calcium malonate is highly pure and provides a source of malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source rather than existing processes which rely on the use of petroleum-based products. The calcium malonate provides an improved source of malonic acid, which is important to many industrial processes.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and diester derivatives of malonic acid are provided. The disclosed methods produce diester derivatives of malonic acid with fewer impurities, which is useful for many industrial processes. The diester derivatives of malonic acid can be purified from existing sources of malonic acid, or from malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bio-based malonic acid and crystalline calcium malonate is provided. The calcium malonate is highly pure and provides a source of malonic acid made from a renewable carbon source rather than existing processes which rely on the use of petroleum-based products. The calcium malonate provides an improved source of malonic acid, which is important to many industrial processes.

Abstract: An ultrasound system is provided that includes a probe for successively acquiring ultrasound information from an object along at least three distinct scan planes. The scan planes intersect one another along an axis extending from the probe through the object. A memory is included for storing data slices corresponding to the at least three distinct scan planes based on the ultrasound information. Also included is a processor that accesses the memory to select and obtain the data slices and generates ultrasound images based on the data slices. A display is included for co-displaying the ultrasound images.