Abstract: The present application provides systems and methods for measuring cell function or tissue function. More particularly, the present application provides systems and methods for determining cell or tissue contractility using ultrasound; systems and methods for measuring the effect an agent has on cell or tissue contractility using ultrasound; and systems and methods for determining material properties of a material using ultrasound.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method to detect, characterize and classify a particle. A light source and an ultrasound transducer are controlled to irradiate the particle with light and an ultrasound pulse. A feature associated with the particle is determined by processing ultrasound data resulting from the particle being irradiated. The feature is compared to a reference to determine at least one property of the particle. According to some non-limiting implementations, the feature comprises a power spectrum of the particle. According to some non-limiting implementations, the ultrasound data is processed to determine characteristics in a range of about 100 MHz to about 1000 MHz of the power spectrum. According to some non-limiting implementations, the ultrasound pulse is in a range of about 100 MHz to about 1000 MHz. A computing device to detect, characterize and classify a particle is also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method to detect, characterize and classify a particle comprising: controlling a light source and an ultrasound transducer to irradiate the particle with light and an ultrasound pulse; determining a feature associated with the particle by processing ultrasound data resulting from the particle being irradiated; and comparing the feature to a reference to determine at least one property of the particle. According to some non-limiting implementations, the feature comprises a power spectrum of the particle. According to some non-limiting implementations, the ultrasound data is processed to determine characteristics in a range of about 100 MHz to about 1000 MHz of the power spectrum. According to some non-limiting implementations, the ultrasound pulse is in a range of about 100 MHz to about 1000 MHz. A computing device to detect, characterize and classify a particle is also provided.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there is a method of forming a toner. The method can include blending two or more colorants to form a sample toner and forming a sample color specimen including a printed image comprising the sample toner. The method can further include comparing spectral distribution curves of the sample color specimen with that of a target color specimen including a target color and repeating the disclosed steps until acquiring a desired spectral match between the sample toner and the target color.

Abstract: An improved electrostatic printing method includes printing a first marking material, such as a fully colorized toner, and also printing a second marking material on the same area of the print substrate. The second marking material is a mixture of two toners, where at least one of the two toners has a lower color strength than the first marking material. The second marking material has the same hue as the first marking material, and the ratio of toners in the mixture is such that the second marking material has a color strength matching that of an undesirable optical density printing rage of the first marking material.

Abstract: The toner described herein contains toner particles containing polymer, colorant and cross-linked polymer. The cross-linked polymer is incorporated at least in the shell of the toner particles. Incorporating cross-linked polymer in the shell of the toner particles provide bumps in the surface of the toner particles. These bumps can behave as spacers. Such toner can be formed by aggregating at least polymer particles and colorant particles to form core particles; aggregating at least cross-linked polymer particles to the surface of the core particles; and coalescing the resulting particles to form toner particles.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there is a method of forming a toner. The method can include blending two or more colorants to form a sample toner and forming a sample color specimen including a printed image comprising the sample toner. The method can further include comparing spectral distribution curves of the sample color specimen with that of a target color specimen including a target color and repeating the disclosed steps until acquiring a desired spectral match between the sample toner and the target color.

Abstract: A toner having at least one binder, at least one colorant and external additives. The external additives include at least one of silica and titania, and at least two metal stearates. A developer may be produced including the toner having at least two metal stearates and a carrier. An electrophotographic machine includes the toner with two metal stearates.

Abstract: The toner described herein contains toner particles containing polymer, colorant and cross-linked polymer. The cross-linked polymer is incorporated at least in the shell of the toner particles. Incorporating cross-linked polymer in the shell of the toner particles provide bumps in the surface of the toner particles. These bumps can behave as spacers. Such toner can be formed by aggregating at least polymer particles and colorant particles to form core particles; aggregating at least cross-linked polymer particles to the surface of the core particles; and coalescing the resulting particles to form toner particles.

Abstract: A toner composition includes core particles including a polymeric latex and an optional colorant, and amino-containing polymer particles dispersed on an external surface of the particles.

Abstract: A toner having at least one binder, at least one colorant and external additives. The external additives include at least one of silica and titania, and at least two metal stearates. A developer may be produced including the toner having at least two metal stearates and a carrier. An electrophotographic machine includes the toner with two metal stearates.

Abstract: A toner process comprising heating a mixture of a latex and a colorant dispersion in the presence of an aggregating agent, and subsequently adding in an amount of at least about 4 weight percent alumina particles, and optionally which particles primarily function as a charge enhancing additive.