Abstract: An ultra-white granular silica-based filler comprises at least 99.5 wt. % silica, wherein the crystal structure of the silica is such that the silica-based filler comprises 40 to 80 wt. % cristobalite, 1 to 25 wt. % tridymite, 2-60 wt. % quartz and <5 wt. % amorphous silica, wherein the temperature of the ultra-white granular silica-based filler is no higher than 50° C. and further wherein the ultra-white granular silica-based filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98. In addition, an ultra-white powder filler is obtained by milling, grinding or comminuting the ultra-white granular silica-based filler. The ultra-white powder filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98.5.

Abstract: An ultra-white granular silica-based filler comprises at least 99.5 wt. % silica, wherein the crystal structure of the silica is such that the silica-based filler comprises 40 to 80 wt. % cristobalite, 1 to 25 wt. % tridymite, 2-60 wt. % quartz and <5 wt. % amorphous silica, wherein the temperature of the ultra-white granular silica-based filler is no higher than 50° C. and further wherein the ultra-white granular silica-based filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98. In addition, an ultra-white powder filler is obtained by milling, grinding or comminuting the ultra-white granular silica-based filler. The ultra-white powder filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98.5.

Abstract: An ultra-white granular silica-based filler comprises at least 99.5 wt. % silica, wherein the crystal structure of the silica is such that the silica-based filler comprises 40 to 80 wt. % cristobalite, 1 to 25 wt. % tridymite, 2-60 wt. % quartz and <5 wt. % amorphous silica, wherein the temperature of the ultra-white granular silica-based filler is no higher than 50° C. and further wherein the ultra-white granular silica-based filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98. In addition, an ultra-white powder filler is obtained by milling, grinding or comminuting the ultra-white granular silica-based filler. The ultra-white powder filler exhibits an L* value in the CIELAB color space of 95-98.5.

Abstract: A charging load and a method of making the same wherein the charging load includes at least three diverse mineral raw materials in pre-selected percentages, the charging load being transformable into an aluminosilicate glass product by heating to a temperature of at least 1,200° C. and being a mass of structurally stabilized individual beads, where each of the beads is a composite of the at least three diverse mineral raw materials made non-friable by a partial sintering process, each bead of the mass containing a homogeneous mixture of ground and sized particles of the at least three diverse mineral raw materials, where the particles have a controlled maximum particle size of less than 30 microns and are mixed in each of the beads at the pre-selected percentages.

Abstract: A charging load and a method of making the same wherein the charging load includes at least three diverse mineral raw materials in pre-selected percentages, the charging load being transformable into an aluminosilicate glass product by heating to a temperature of at least 1,200° C. and being a mass of structurally stabilized individual beads, where each of the beads is a composite of the at least three diverse mineral raw materials made non-friable by a partial sintering process, each bead of the mass containing a homogeneous mixture of ground and sized particles of the at least three diverse mineral raw materials, where the particles have a controlled maximum particle size of less than 30 microns and are mixed in each of the beads at the pre-selected percentages.

Abstract: A method of developing a workout comprising a series of exercises and communicating the workout to a user is disclosed that involves identifying a muscle group to use during a workout, selecting an intensity level for exercising the muscle group, selecting an exercise from a plurality of exercises for exercising the muscle group, selecting a routine from a plurality of routines for performing each of the plurality of exercises at the selected intensity level, each of the plurality of routines comprising a number of repetitions, selecting a resistance level related to the maximum resistance the user was able to manipulate on a first exercise machine, selecting a second exercise machine for performing the selected exercise, and displaying a workout comprising an identification of the second exercise machine, a name of an exercise to be performed on the second exercise machine, a resistance level to be used in performing the named exercise on the second exercise machine, and information relating to the number of

Abstract: A method of developing a workout comprising a series of exercises and communicating the workout to a user is disclosed that involves identifying a muscle group to use during a workout, selecting an intensity level for exercising the muscle group, selecting an exercise from a plurality of exercises for exercising the muscle group, selecting a routine from a plurality of routines for performing each of the plurality of exercises at the selected intensity level, each of the plurality of routines comprising a number of repetitions, selecting a resistance level related to the maximum resistance the user was able to manipulate on a first exercise machine, selecting a second exercise machine for performing the selected exercise, and displaying a workout comprising an identification of the second exercise machine, a name of an exercise to be performed on the second exercise machine, a resistance level to be used in performing the named exercise on the second exercise machine, and information relating to the number of

Abstract: A process of purifying crystalline quartz to remove impurities within the lattice structure comprising the steps of heating the quartz to the tridymite polymorphic form and evaporatively reacting the heated quartz with an aqueous acid solution reactive with the impurities in the quartz to form water soluble metal salts. The residue of the evaporative reaction is washed with water to dissolve the metal salts leaving purified crystalline quartz. The disclosure also includes the product of the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and composition for the incorporation of gypsum as a filler material in aqueous polymer dispersions by means of the addition of a detergent selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, and sodium laureth sulfate.