Abstract: A system with an analyzer device in fluid communication with a sample of a bodily fluid is configured to chemically or electrochemically convert at least a portion of ammonium (NH4+) contained within the bodily fluid into ammonia (NH3) and dispel the converted ammonia (NH3) into a gas sensing chamber. An ammonia (NH3) sensor located within the gas sensing chamber in conjunction with a processor can quantify an amount of ammonia (NH3) present in the gas sensing chamber in relation to the total ammonia of the bodily fluid.

Abstract: A system with an analyzer device in fluid communication with a sample of a bodily fluid is configured to chemically or electrochemically convert at least a portion of ammonium (NH4?) contained within the bodily fluid into ammonia (NH3) and dispel the converted ammonia (NH3) into a gas sensing chamber. An ammonia (NH3) sensor located within the gas sensing chamber in conjunction with a processor can quantify an amount of ammonia (NH3) present in the gas sensing chamber in relation to the total ammonia of the bodily fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for mitigating release of aerosols from a nebulizer treatment device, or from the respiratory system of a contaminated subject utilizes a mask configured to cover the nose and mouth of the subject, and utilizes a high efficiency filter and fan coupled with an exhaust port of the mask. The fan creates a pressure differential that causes the respiratory products to flow through the high efficiency filter, where aerosols are captured. The mask may further include at least one inlet port for admission of gas (e.g., oxygen) or aerosols. The apparatus provides adequate inhaled oxygen levels and avoids carbon dioxide rebreathing problems.

Abstract: An integrated method for assessing metabolic rate and maintaining indoor air quality and efficient ventilation energy use. A physical sensor assesses room occupancy. An actuated ventilation system is set to a constant CO2 level in a predetermined healthy range, where the actuated ventilation system includes a CO2 sensor. The actuated ventilation system sets a first air ventilation rate and the sensor measures a first CO2 level. The system determines whether CO2 level is in a healthy range, if not then the CO2 level is adjusted by setting a subsequent air ventilation rate. A subsequent CO2 level is measured. If the CO2 level is determined to meet a predetermined healthy range, then an assessment of change of air ventilation rate (? ACH) is determined. The determination of air change rate can be further augmented by a physical pressure based measurement. The overall metabolic rate is generated.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods of assessing a concentration of iron in a body fluid sample, such as whole blood. Systems include a highly stable, fast reacting, and accurate sensing area of a sensor for contacting with a body fluid sample, wherein upon contact, the body fluid sample causes a color change to the sensor that correlates with the concentration of iron in the body fluid sample. The disclosed systems and methods generate one or more signal outputs of light intensity data, from which the concentration of iron in the body fluid sample is determined.

Abstract: A system and method for mitigating airborne contamination in a conditioned indoor environment utilizes one or more sensing modules configured to detect presence and/or concentration of particles and/or aerosols at different locations. A control module employs an artificial intelligence algorithm to selectively activate at least one mitigation module utilizing machine learning programmed rules and output signals from the sensing module(s). The mitigation module(s) are configured to take one or more actions to reduce presence and/or concentration of particles and/or aerosols in the conditioned indoor environment.

Abstract: A stand-alone, fully integrated self-contained wearable metabolic analyzer for metabolic rate and respiratory quotient measurement. It includes a device body, disposable mask, and headgear. The device body comprises multiple different miniaturized modules, including a colorimetric sensing module, flow module, control circuit, power module, environmental sensors, wireless module, communication module, memory module, signal processing module, and display module. A disposable sensor chip, coated with chemical sensing probes, is utilized in the colorimetric sensing module for breath O2 and CO2 detection. A Venturi tube and pressure sensor-based flow module measures breath flow rate. The self-contained wearable metabolic analyzer derives physiological parameters including resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory quotient (RQ), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), minute ventilation (VE), breath frequency (BF), and tidal volume (TV) from the measurement.

Abstract: A system with an analyzer device in fluid communication with a sample of a bodily fluid is configured to chemically or electrochemically convert at least a portion of ammonium (NH4+) contained within the bodily fluid into ammonia (NH3) and dispel the converted ammonia (NH3) into a gas sensing chamber. An ammonia (NH3) sensor located within the gas sensing chamber in conjunction with a processor can quantify an amount of ammonia (NH3) present in the gas sensing chamber in relation to the total ammonia of the bodily fluid.

Abstract: An integrated method for assessing metabolic rate and maintaining indoor air quality and efficient ventilation energy use. A physical sensor assesses room occupancy. An actuated ventilation system is set to a constant CO2 level in a predetermined healthy range, where the actuated ventilation system includes a CO2 sensor. The actuated ventilation system sets a first air ventilation rate and the sensor measures a first CO2 level. The system determines whether CO2 level is in a healthy range, if not then the CO2 level is adjusted by setting a subsequent air ventilation rate. A subsequent CO2 level is measured. If the CO2 level is determined to meet a predetermined healthy range, then an assessment of change of air ventilation rate (? ACH) is determined. The determination of air change rate can be further augmented by a physical pressure based measurement. The overall metabolic rate is generated.

Abstract: A method for CO2 detection includes obtaining a gas sample; exposing a CO2 sensor to the gas sample, where the sensor includes a reversible and selective pH-sensitive nanocomposite sensor element for CO2 detection, and a hydrophobic surface; compensating for humidity and temperature; coupling at least one light source to receive signals from the CO2 sensor and respond to color changes in the sensor by transducing the color change into a light intensity change; measuring flow; and receiving signals from the at least one light source by at least one photodiode which responds to light intensity changes by transducing the light intensity changes into electronic signals representing varying degrees of light intensity.

Abstract: A method for CO2 detection includes obtaining a gas sample; exposing a CO2 sensor to the gas sample, where the sensor includes a reversible and selective pH-sensitive nanocomposite sensor element for CO2 detection, and a hydrophobic surface; compensating for humidity and temperature; coupling at least one light source to receive signals from the CO2 sensor and respond to color changes in the sensor by transducing the color change into a light intensity change; measuring flow; and receiving signals from the at least one light source by at least one photodiode which responds to light intensity changes by transducing the light intensity changes into electronic signals representing varying degrees of light intensity.

Abstract: A CO2 detection chamber includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet. A CO2 sensor is housed in the CO2 detection chamber, where the sensor includes a reversible and selective pH-sensitive nanocomposite sensor element for CO2 detection, and a hydrophobic surface. A flowmeter, a thermistor and a humidity sensor operate to read flow and compensate for humidity conditions. A light source is coupled to receive signals from the CO2 sensor and respond to color changes in the sensor by transducing the color change into a light intensity change. A photodiode receives signals from the light source and responds to light intensity changes by transducing the light intensity changes into electronic signals representing varying degrees of light intensity. Data representing CO2 measurements is transmitted for display to a mobile device.

Abstract: A method for weight and/or fitness management using a metabolic analyzer that measures metabolic data including oxygen and carbon dioxide. The metabolic analyzer includes integrated collection-detection sensors with for high efficiency and collection, high specificity and simultaneous detection of at least two metabolic signatures, including at least oxygen and carbon dioxide, in breath via a porous membrane with high density of sensing binding sites, where the porous membrane includes sensing materials such that the sensing binding sites are specific to the metabolic signatures, and change colors upon interactions with the metabolic signatures. Weight of the subject is measured using a weight measurement device and a recommendation for food intake and/or physical activity is based on at least the readings of the metabolic analyzer and weight of the subject.

Abstract: A system for measuring and tracking metabolic rate, physical activity and calorie intake. The metabolic rate is measured with a design that features an adaptive sampling mechanism for accurate breath sample collection, optimized flow rate measurement for minimizing backpressure while maximizing accuracy, humidity regulation and water condensation reduction mechanism for reliable performance, as well as breath temperature measurement for volume and humidity corrections. The system further comprises an improved algorithm for determining physical activity such as related energy expenditure, and a mechanism for tracking changes in food intake over time.

Abstract: A low back pressure mouthpiece for accurate detection of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) includes a conduit for receiving the exhaled breath from the subject. An oxidizing filter for sample conditioning, wherein the conduit and oxidizing filter operate to produce a back pressure of less than 4 cm H2O; and a device for measuring the level of one or more components of the received exhaled breath.

Abstract: A gas-phase detection system based on detecting optochemical and optoelectrochemical signals. The sensing platform is particularly powerful for detection of nitrogen oxides at low ppbV concentrations. The optochemical analysis is based on the color development due to a chemical reaction taking place in an optimized material. The electrochemical analysis can be based on the doping level or redox potential changes of an electrochemical sensor; and optoelectrochemical detection can be based on a combination of the electrochemical and optoelectrochemical methodologies. Each independent signal can be simultaneously detected, increasing the reliability of detection.

Abstract: A CO2 detection chamber includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet. A CO2 sensor is housed in the CO2 detection chamber, where the sensor includes a reversible and selective pH-sensitive nanocomposite sensor element for CO2 detection, and a hydrophobic surface. A flowmeter, a thermistor and a humidity sensor operate to read flow and compensate for humidity conditions. A light source is coupled to receive signals from the CO2 sensor and respond to color changes in the sensor by transducing the color change into a light intensity change. A photodiode receives signals from the light source and responds to light intensity changes by transducing the light intensity changes into electronic signals representing varying degrees of light intensity. Data representing CO2 measurements is transmitted for display to a mobile device.

Abstract: A system for measuring and tracking metabolic rate, physical activity and calorie intake. The metabolic rate is measured with a design that features an adaptive sampling mechanism for accurate breath sample collection, optimized flow rate measurement for minimizing backpressure while maximizing accuracy, humidity regulation and water condensation reduction mechanism for reliable performance, as well as breath temperature measurement for volume and humidity corrections. The system further comprises an improved algorithm for determining physical activity such as related energy expenditure, and a mechanism for tracking changes in food intake over time.

Abstract: A low back pressure mouthpiece for accurate detection of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) includes a conduit for receiving the exhaled breath from the subject. An oxidizing filter for sample conditioning, wherein the conduit and oxidizing filter operate to produce a back pressure of less than 4 cm H2O; and a device for measuring the level of one or more components of the received exhaled breath.

Abstract: An integrated sensing device is capable of detecting analytes using electrochemical (EC) and electrical (E) signals. The device introduces synergetic new capabilities and enhances the sensitivity and selectivity for real-time detection of an analyte in complex matrices, including the presence of high concentration of interferences in liquids and in gas phases.