Abstract: A document, for example a bank note, a check, a credit card, an identification document or a ticket, bears an optical safety mark in the form of a light-reflecting and light-diffracting and/or refracting layer, for example a hologram, an interference layer, a (computer-generated) refracting structure, located on at least parts of the document. The optical safety mark is arranged in a sandwich structure which is fixed to the document by means of an adhesive layer and if required has one or several transparent layers arranged in the sandwich structure. The adhesive layer and/or transparent layer in the sandwich structure is doped with at least one luminescent substance.

Abstract: In the process according to our invention authenticating (code) marks are provided on paper, particularly a security or other financial instrument, by contacting laser radiation from a laser light source on the paper to form the authenticating marks. The objects of our invention are attained with an apparatus equipped with a pivotable mirror device which allows the laser radiation to be directed on sheets of paper arranged transverse to the transport direction on a paper sheet. A preservative medium can be used to coat and protect the marks particularly from mechanical abrasion.

Abstract: A running web of tipping paper in a filter tipping machine is attracted to the peripheral surface of a rotary suction conveyor constituting a counterknife for a set of equidistant knives which are radially movably mounted in axially parallel grooves of a rotary knife carrier. Each knife is adjustable radially of the carrier by a discrete first adjusting device, and all of the knives are adjustable simultaneously by a common adjusting device having a support movable axially of the carrier and mounting all of the first adjusting devices. Simultaneous radial adjustment of all of the knives by the common adjusting device is effected after certain periods of use and attendant wear upon the cutting edges of the knives.

Abstract: A continuous filter rod which can be severed to yield recessed composite filter mouthpieces is obtained by feeding groups of assorted dissimilar coaxial filter plugs onto the adhesive-coated side of a running web of wrapping material and inserting a phantom plug of selected length between each previously transferred group and the next-following group to insure that the width of gaps between neighboring groups matches the length of the phantom plug. The phantom plug is withdrawn as soon as the next-following group adheres to the web, and the web is draped around the resulting filler to form therewith a continuous filter rod wherein groups of dissimilar filter plugs alternate with gaps. When the filter rod is severed centrally across a gap, the adjacent portions of the filter rod constitute two recessed filter mouthpieces. Each gap is flanked by plugs consisting of identical filter material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a rotatable magnetic head arrangement in which at least one magnetic head provided on a disc-shaped carrier in a given position with respect to a reference surface provided on the carrier is laser machined to form a gap width of a particular size and location relative to said reference surface.

Abstract: A slipping clutch which comprises a first sliping clutch section and, coaxial therewith, a second slipping clutch section pivotably journalled to a counter-bearing. An annular bearing part is coaxial with the second slipping clutch section so as to allow said section to pivot freely. This part comprises two 90.degree. offset pairs of bearing points, the bearing points of each pair being diametrically opposed, one pair engaging the second slipping clutch section and the other pair engaging the counter-bearing.

Abstract: To test the genuineness and/or condition of dollar bills or other substantially identical papers, one or more thickness gauges are positioned in the path of these papers and determine the deviations, if any, of the thickness of a passing specimen from a predetermined value or from the thickness of a reference specimen scanned concurrently therewith. The measured deviations are fed into a processor which counts positive or negative deviations within a multiplicity of incremental periods and determines the nature of any irregularity from the count of deviations of either sign. With three gauges measuring thickness along as many parallel tracks, the system may discriminate among such irregularities as gaps, overlappings, adhesive tape and dog-eared corners.