Abstract: A small, lightweight infrared light emitting retinal illuminator is used to illuminate the fundus of the eye without illuminating the cornea. It is mounted to the head near the eye with adhesive tape or a double sided, adhesive patch (FIG. 4). The IR radiation of the device is directed toward the skin surrounding the eye, preferably just outside the temporal juncture of the upper and lower eyelids. It penetrates the skin and the sclera of the eye and provides sufficient IR radiation to the fundus of the eye for obtaining images of the retina with IR-sensitive cameras.

Abstract: Two new modes of stimulation and analysis are provided for the enhancement of local and lateral nonlinear interactions in the multi-area electroretinogram. In both modes the stimulation consists of a sequence of stimulus intervals (40) of equal size. In mode 1 each stimulus interval may contain two stimuli of the same or different type. Stimulus 1 occurs at a predetermined time within each interval (40) while stimulus occurs pseudorandomly at the beginning of the intervals. The same pseudorandom stimulation is used for all stimulated areas (12) with and appropriate shift in the stimulus sequence from one area to the next. Multi-area responses are derived by cross-correlating the response cycle with a sequence of the same length with values of +1 and -1 at the beginning of each stimulus interval to reflect the pseudorandom stimulation and 0 everywhere else. In mode 2 each stimulus interval contains pseudorandom stimuli at different time points (50) within each stimulus interval.

Abstract: A circuit is provided for generating fast dynamic video displays on a screen containing an arbitrary number of areas of any shape and size is. The screen areas are independently modulated in time in accordance with binary m-sequences and other Hadamard sets. The circuit comprises a number of 1-bit video planes (34) and a circuit for selecting specific video planes and a circuit (38) generating the modulo two sum of the content of a selected number of these planes. The selected video planes are identified by the ONEs in a binary word transferred to a register (36) of the circuit by a processor (14). Programming code is provided for the generation of sequences of such words that effect temporal modulation of screen areas in accordance with binary m-sequences or other Hadamard sets.

Abstract: Visual disorders of the retina are identified and assessed by stimulating the eye(s) with an array of controllable optical elements wherein the controllable elements are activated with M-sequences. The transient responses of the eye to the activation of the array of elements is obtained and processed using the known M-sequences to identify any areas of disease. The optically controllable elements can produce flashes of light or change colors in response to the energization thereof.

Abstract: A method of oculo-encephalographic communication in which a plurality of optical stimuli provide unique code which can be identified from the EEG of viewer. The code is preferably an M-sequence binary code whereby simultaneous testing can be employed to identify the viewed optical stimulus.A special binary sequence, or M-sequence, is utilized from which a viewed element be identified through use of a response template or sample response as predetermined from the user's encephalogram.