Abstract: The edge of a web of material is inserted in a gap in a detector head between an ultrasonic blockage transmitter and an ultrasonic blockage receiver such that the magnitude of the pulse of sound from the transmitter that is received by the receiver is related to the portion of the web that blocks the beam of sound and thereby the position of the edge of the web. A compensation transmitter and compensation receiver are mounted proximate to the blockage transmitter and blockage receiver and transmit similar sound signals across the gap but are unoccluded by the web. The output of the compensation receiver is detected and used to normalize the values of the signal received from the blockage receiver to compensate for the effect of transient changes in ambient conditions.

Abstract: The edge of a web of material is inserted into a gap in a detector head between an ultrasonic blockage transmitter and an ultrasonic blockage receiver such that the magnitude of the pulse of sound from the transmitter that is received by the receiver is related to the portion of the web that blocks the beam of sound and thereby the position of the edge of the web. The ultrasonic frequency of each pulse is preferably very high to provide a narrow beam. The second half of the electronic drive pulse to the transmitter is preferably 180.degree. out of phase with the first half of the pulse to reduce excessive ringing of the transmitter. A compensation transmitter and compensation receiver, which are mounted proximate to the blockage transmitter and the blockage receiver, transmit similar sound signals across the gap but are unoccluded by the web.

Abstract: A navigational plotter includes a light-transmissive LCD graphical display which serves as a window-like element in relation to a map placed underneath it. The map is calibrated to the plotter by moving a calibration cursor on the display to two known points diagonally displaced on the map, by manually entering the latitude and longitude of these known positions and by commanding the device to associate each point with its respective longitude and latitude. Navigational positions and navigational paths are then related to these points and displayed at the appropriate locations on the graphical display, where they appear over the appropriate locations on the underlying map.

Abstract: A radio signal containing Loran C pulses from stations of interest is received and periodically sampled to convert the input signal to sample data. The data is assigned to memory locations within an acquisition memory at positions in the memory which correspond to specific times within the group repetition interval (GRI) of the Loran chain of interest. A GRI counter assigns the locations in the memory to which the data are written and cycles the memory after the completion of each GRI so that new data corresponding to a new set of pulses from the master and secondary stations of the Loran C chain will be assigned to essentially the same memory locations as data acquired during a previous GRI. The new data is ensemble averaged with the old data contained in the memory locations and the averaged data stored back in the memory.

Abstract: An article handling system including means for moving articles from one position to another and including computer means for controlling a plurality of functions of said article handling means including unalterable memory devices for controlling some of the functions and manually operable mechanical selectively programmable memory devices for controlling other of the functions.