Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating hepatitis B and/or D with an Na+/taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) inhibitor such as a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a compound of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Such methods can include decreasing the concentration of hepatitis B DNA, decreasing the concentration of hepatitis D DNA, decreasing hepatitis B surface antigen, and decreasing hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg).

Abstract: A method for interacting with controls in a graphical user interface (GUI), including recording user interface gestures performed by a user, for each recorded gesture: when the gesture includes the user virtually touching a specific GUI control, applying the gesture to the specific GUI control; and when the gesture is performed without the user virtually touching a specific GUI control, identifying a particular GUI control that the user is gazing at and applying the gesture to that particular GUI control.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitor for use in the treatment of a liver or renal disease or disorder, wherein the ASBT inhibitor is administered subcutaneously. Such administration also targets the ASBT in the kidneys and may therefore be useful in the treatment of liver or renal diseases and conditions requiring a stronger inhibition of bile acid circulation, such as in the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases and conditions comprising biliary obstruction or an impaired or defective biliary flow.

Abstract: A method for interacting with controls in a graphical user interface (GUI) having a plurality of GUI controls, the method includes identify one GUI control that a user is gazing at, from among a plurality of GUI controls presented on a display, detect user interface gestures performed by the user, when the detected gesture is performed in an airspace away from the display, apply a relative motion corresponding to the gesture to the identified GUI control, and when the detected gesture is performed by the user touching the display, apply a sequence of absolute display locations touched by the gesture to a GUI control presented at the touched locations that is different than the identified GUI control.

Abstract: A method for interacting with controls in a graphical user interface (GUI), including recording user interface gestures performed by a user, for each recorded gesture: when the gesture includes the user virtually touching a specific GUI control, applying the gesture to the specific GUI control; and when the gesture is performed without the user virtually touching a specific GUI control, identifying a particular GUI control that the user is gazing at and applying the gesture to that particular GUI control.

Abstract: A sensor including lenses, light emitters, each emitter projecting light out of a lens in a particular emission direction along a detection plane, light detectors, each detector detecting maximum light intensity when light enters a lens at a particular detection angle, a table of hotspots, each hotspot corresponding to an emitter-detector pair, the hotspot being a two-dimensional location in the detection plane along the emission direction of the emitter of the pair where projected light reflected by an object placed at that location, enters the lens for the detector of the pair at the detection angle of the detector, and a processor receiving outputs from the detectors corresponding to detected amounts of projected light reflected by an object in the detection plane, and calculating a two-dimensional location of the object in the detection plane based on the received outputs and based on hotspots for synchronously activated emitter-detector pairs.

Abstract: A sensor including lenses, light emitters, each emitter projecting light out of a lens in a particular emission direction along a detection plane, light detectors, each detector detecting maximum light intensity when light enters a lens at a particular detection angle, a table of hotspots, each hotspot corresponding to an emitter-detector pair, the hotspot being a two-dimensional location in the detection plane along the emission direction of the emitter of the pair where projected light reflected by an object placed at that location, enters the lens for the detector of the pair at the detection angle of the detector, and a processor receiving outputs from the detectors corresponding to detected amounts of projected light reflected by an object in the detection plane, and calculating a two-dimensional location of the object in the detection plane based on the received outputs and based on hotspots for synchronously activated emitter-detector pairs.

Abstract: A method for identifying a proximal object, including providing light emitters, light detectors and lenses, mounted in a housing, each lens, denoted L, being positioned in relation to a respective one of the detectors, denoted D, such that light entering lens L is maximally detected at detector D when the light enters lens L at an angle of incidence ?, activating the detectors synchronously with activation of each emitter to measure reflections of the light beams emitted by each emitter, and calculating a location of a reflective object along a path of a light beam projected by an activated emitter, by calculating an axis of symmetry with respect to which the outputs of the synchronously activated detectors are approximately symmetric, orienting the calculated axis of symmetry by the angle ?, and locating a point of intersection of the path of the emitted light beam with the oriented axis of symmetry.

Abstract: A user interface system, including a display surface displaying thereon a plurality of controls representing different applications, a multi-faceted housing situated along a single edge of the display surface, including an eye-tracker mounted in a first facet of the housing, the first facet being distal from the display surface, the eye-tracker identifying a control on the display surface at which a user's eyes are directed, and a proximity sensor mounted in a second facet of the housing, the second facet being between the first facet and the display, the proximity sensor detecting a gesture performed by an object opposite the second facet, and a processor running the different applications, connected to the proximity sensor and to the eye-tracker, causing the application represented by the control identified by the eye-tracker to receive as input the gesture detected by the proximity sensor.

Abstract: A control system for controlling the movements of a plurality of mechanical units. The control system includes a program that includes a plurality of mechanical unit programs. Each program includes movement instructions for at least one of the mechanical units. The control system also includes a plurality of path planners. At least one of the path planners is adapted to receive instructions from more than one of the mechanical unit programs and on basis thereof determine how the mechanical units should move in order to synchronize their movements. The control system further includes switches adapted to switch a mechanical unit program from one path planner to another, whereby the movements of the mechanical units are synchronized when their mechanical unit programs are connected to the same path planner and the movements of the mechanical units are independent when their mechanical unit programs are connected to different path planners.

Abstract: A control system for controlling the movements of a plurality of mechanical units. The control system includes a program that includes a plurality of mechanical unit programs. Each program includes movement instructions for at least one of the mechanical units. The control system also includes a plurality of path planners. At least one of the path planners is adapted to receive instructions from more than one of the mechanical unit programs and on basis thereof determine how the mechanical units should move in order to synchronize their movements. The control system further includes switches adapted to switch a mechanical unit program from one path planner to another, whereby the movements of the mechanical units are synchronized when their mechanical unit programs are connected to the same path planner and the movements of the mechanical units are independent when their mechanical unit programs are connected to different path planners.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as functional dyspepsia.

Abstract: An electromechanical cylinder lock-key combination includes a cylinder housing and a cylinder core rotatably arranged in the cylinder housing and having a key-way for receiving a key. A plurality of key actuated moveable blocking elements block the rotation of the cylinder core unless a correct key is inserted in the key-way. An optical code reader in the lock reads an optical code element provided on an inserted key. At least one of said blocking elements functions as a bar element barring insertion of the key into the key-way unless a correct optical code element is provided on the key. By using at least one of the mechanical elements already present in the lock as part of the electronically controlled blocking mechanism, in combination with the use of an optical code requiring no moveable parts for the reading thereof, space requirements in the lock device are kept to a minimum.

Abstract: An electromechanical cylinder lock-key combination includes a cylinder housing and a cylinder core rotatably arranged in the cylinder housing and having a key-way for receiving a key. A plurality of key actuated moveable blocking elements block the rotation of the cylinder core unless a correct key is inserted in the key-way. An optical code reader in the lock reads an optical code element provided on an inserted key. At least one of said blocking elements functions as a bar element barring insertion of the key into the key-way unless a correct optical code element is provided on the key. By using at least one of the mechanical elements already present in the lock as part of the electronically controlled blocking mechanism, in combination with the use of an optical code requiring no moveable parts for the reading thereof, space requirements in the lock device are kept to a minimum.

Abstract: A telecommunication system comprising an existing node with at least an existing switch with physical inlets and a local address space for addressing said physical inlets. At least one additional switch is added to the system, one of said additional switches residing in node that is external to the existing node. The additional switch or switches in the external node have also physical inlets and a local address space or spaces for addressing its switch inlets. A global address space is created which comprises at least the local address spaces of the existing switch and said one additional switch in the external node. The existing node has a connection handler for controlling the existing switch in the existing node and said one additional switch in the external node using the global address space (FIG. 2).

Abstract: A method of producing amorphous sample bodies that can be used for optical spectral analysis and X-ray spectral analysis, by batch-wise smelting in a crucible a mixture of analysis sample and a flux. The method is characterized by allowing a controlled flow of molten material to run out of the crucible and successively down onto a horizontal receiving surface and there form the sample bodies. The mixture is smelted suitably at a temperature of between 800.degree. and 1300.degree. C., preferably at about 1000.degree. C., and is carried out in a crucible having a hole in the bottom thereof. A apparatus for producing such amorphous sample bodies is also disclosed. The apparatus includes a smelt crucible provided with an opening in its lower part and which is designed to be downwardly tapered at least inside in order to prevent the mixture from coming out, but to facilitate running of molten material through the opening.

Abstract: Cooling of the hot surfaces of the exhaust nozzle of a fan jet engine and purging of the nacelle is attained by a booster pump mounted in exhaust nozzle structure and the booster pump having an ejector driven by localized fan air existing in the engine cooling path extracted from the fan of the engine for pumping nacelle air and mixing the egressing fluid in a mixing chamber and diffuser disposed in fluid communication with booster pump which is then dumped into a plenum within the exhaust nozzle structure for feeding film cooling holes formed in the hot surfaces for laying a blanket of cooling air along the gas path surface of the exhaust nozzle.