Abstract: A data or file management system, communicating with a database directly or via a network interface, using a tree structured interface with simultaneous navigation within a tree branched map and display of content in a first, map, and second, content, window, respectively. Filter or sorting functions may be applied between the tree structured map interface and the content interface. Data found relating to downstream areas of interest in the tree branched map are all analyzed and indicated in the second window holding the content interface.

Abstract: A beverage packaging unit that includes an opening through which a beverage can be drunk or poured, wherein the opening is sealable by a closure element. The packaging unit is parallelepipedal and includes a hollow, box-like body and the closure element. The box-like body has a bevelled corner at which there is formed a triangular surface that is connected with the body. A tubular part extends outwardly from the triangular surface and includes the opening. The closure element includes a generally pyramidal body that is so shaped that when it is in abutment with the bevelled corner of the box-like body it forms, together with the body, the parallelepipedal packaging unit.

Abstract: A beverage packaging unit that includes an opening from which the liquid contents of the unit can be dispensed and a closure. The packaging unit is parallelepipedal in shape, including a hollow, box-like body and the closure. The box-like body has a bevelled corner with a triangular surface from which a tubular part that includes the opening extends. The closure includes a generally pyramidal body which is shaped so that when in abutment with the bevelled corner of the box-like body it forms with the box-like body a parallelepipedal packaging unit. The closure includes a cavity for receiving the tubular part. The packaging unit includes co-acting fasteners on the tubular part and also in the cavity for removably retaining the closure on the tubular part.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described to process an n-dimensional data set acquired from a measurement on a biological sample. A method includes dividing an n-dimensional data set into n-dimensional sub-regions, wherein a size of a dimension of an n-dimensional sub-region is less than a size of the dimension of the n-dimensional data set. The n-dimensional sub-regions are stored on a computer readable medium and the computer readable medium is accessible to a data processing system. The n-dimensional data set can exceed an addressable memory limit of the data processing system and mathematical operations are performed on the n-dimensional data set.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for identifying various biological states. Methods for diagnosis of diseases, in particular cardiovascular and brain diseases, are provided herein. One aspect of the invention is the analysis of lipoprotein complexes with summary survey scan mass spectrum for the analysis of biological states. Another aspect of the invention is the use of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometer to analysis lipoprotein complexes for the diagnosis of cardiovascular and brain diseases. Yet another aspect of the invention is a method of diagnosis of brain diseases by evaluating the characteristics of lipoprotein complexes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the refractive index in the core of an optical fiber. According to the invention, an optical fiber is provided with a longitudinal electrode running along the core of the fiber. An electric current is passed through the electrode to induce ohmic heating thereof, causing thermal expansion and consequently a compressing force upon the core of the fiber. This compression of the core leads to induced changes in the refractive index in the direction of the compressing force, and hence induces or alters birefringence in the core.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polarization control element which may be easily produced and miniaturized and has high reliability. SOLUTION: A core region 11 is a region of a circular shape in cross section disposed at the center of an optical fiber 10 and has a refractive index n1. A clad region 12 is a region disposed around this core region 11 and has a refractive index n2 smaller than the refractive index n1 of the core region 11. A pair of conductive parts 13a and 13b are respectively symmetrical with each other with respect to the optical axis center and are disposed within the clad region 12 over a specified range in a longitudinal direction. When current is passed to a pair of the conductive parts 13a and 13b, respectively, a stress is generated therein and a strain is generated in the core region 11 and the clad region 12. The propagation light propagated in the optical fiber 10 is controlled in the polarization state according to this strain.

Abstract: A method of forming a longitudinal solid body within at least one longitudinal hole formed in an optical fiber, comprising the steps of placing a first end and a portion of the optical fiber in a heating chamber; keeping a second end of said optical fiber outside of the heating chamber; forcing a molten material into the longitudinal hole of the fiber from the first end; and thereupon longitudinally extracting the optical fiber from the heating chamber at a controlled rate. Preferably, the fiber is extracted while molten material is being urged into the fiber.

Abstract: In an expression vector having a ColE1 replication system, the homology of the RNAI and RNAII of the ColE1 origin of replication to uncharged tRNAs is modified mutations in the coding region of the RNAI gene and corresponding mutations in the RNAII gene. The mutation results in one or more base exchanges in loop 1 and/or loop 2 and/or loop 3 of RNAI and RNAII. In methods using this vector for producing recombinant proteins, plasmid copy number is stably maintained. In methods for plasmid production, high plasmid copy numbers can be obtained.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device (A) that can be used to create a new channel to conduct fluid from a fluid-conducting catheter to a blood vessel without contact between the device (A) or the catheter and the blood flow in the blood essentially tube-like part (1) with a first (3) and a (4) end, and an inner essentially tube-like part (2) with a first (5) and a second (6) end. The tube-like parts are joined with essentially parallel axes and connected to each other close to the first end (3) of the outer tube-like part (1) and at the intermediate part (7) of the inner tube-like part (2). The outer tube-like part (1) has a lengthwise slit along part of its length from the second end (4) to let part of the blood vessel enter. The first end (5) of the inner tube-like part (2) is arranged to be conncted to the catheter and the second end (6) of the inner tube-like part (2) is wholly or partly surrounded by the outer tube-like part (1).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for compressing and processing a mat of lignocellulose material into the form of a board are disclosed. The apparatus includes a pair of compression rolls, at least one of which has a perforated shell surface, a channel within that roll for injecting a processing medium into the mat through a restricted sector of the roll, a processing medium supply for the channel including a slide shoe which is sealingly attached to one end of the roll, and the channel includes a number of channels associated with portions of the axial width of the roll so that the processing medium can be supplied through step-wise variable portions of the width of the roll.

Abstract: A method for hemoglobin determination is described which includes the steps of introducing a sample of undiluted whole blood by capillary action into a disposable microcuvette having at least one cavity for receiving the sample. The cavity includes a dry essentially non-hygroscopic hemolysing agent, which is dissolved by the blood, hemolyses the red blood cells and releases the haemoglobin contained in the blood cells. A first absorption measurement at a wavelength range 490-520 nm is then performed directly on the sample in the microcuvette, and a second absorption measurement is performed to compensate for background interference.

Abstract: In an expression vector having a ColE1 replication system, the homology of the RNAI and RNAII of the ColE1 origin of replication to uncharged tRNAs is modified mutations in the coding region of the RNAI gene and corresponding mutations in the RNAII gene. The mutation results in one or more base exchanges in loop 1 and/or loop 2 and/or loop 3 of RNAI and RNAII. In methods using this vector for producing recombinant proteins, plasmid copy number is stably maintained. In methods for plasmid production, high plasmid copy numbers can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for hemoglobin determination which comprises the steps of introducing a sample of undiluted whole blood by capillary action into a disposable microcuvette having at least one cavity for receiving the sample. The cavity includes a dry essentially non-hygroscopic hemolysing agent, which is dissolved by the blood, hemolyses the red blood cells and releases the haemoglobin contained in the blood cells. A first absorption measurement at a wavelength range 490-520 nm is then performed directly on the sample in the microcuvette, and a second absorption measurement is performed to compensate for background interference.

Abstract: Provided is a method of treating chemical paper pulp having the steps of: adjusting the pH of the pulp to be between 1 and 6; treating the pulp with ozone to reduce the kappa number of the pulp; treating the pulp with a chelating agent after the ozone treating step without any intervening washing step between the ozone treating step and the chelating agent treating step; adjusting the pH of the pulp by adding alkali together with or after the addition of chelating agent to a pH exceeding 3; washing the pulp; and bleaching the pulp with peroxide.

Abstract: A process for chlorine-free bleaching of chemical pulp in association with the production thereof, where a suspension of the pulp preferably has a concentration exceeding 8% of cellulose-containing fiber material and where the pulp entering into a bleaching line is preferably fed continuously through at least one bleaching vessel in the bleaching line, is treated with at least one acid for adjusting the pH to a value below 7, and with a chelating agent, and is subsequently bleached in at least one stage to a brightness exceeding 75% ISO, preferably exceeding 80%, with hydrogen peroxide or the corresponding quantity of another peroxide, employed in a quantity exceeding 5 kg/BDMT, where the peroxide bleaching takes place at elevated temperature and at a pressure in the bleaching vessel which exceeds 2 bar and where the cross-sectional area of the bleaching vessel exceeds 3 m.sup.2 and the area of the metal surface exposed towards the interior of the bleaching vessel is less than 4V m.sup.

Abstract: A device for correcting and stabilizing a curvature of a spinal column by anterior fusion including at least two brace holders (1-5), each adapted to be arranged against an associated vertebral body (7-11) in the spinal column. The device also includes a securing means (6, 6') for securing the respective brace holders (1-5) on said vertebral body (7-11), and at least one elongate brace (12), which is adapted to extend through and between said brace holders (1-5) along the extent of the spinal column and be locked thereto. The brace (12) is plate-shaped, and the brace holder (1-5) is designed to support the brace (12) in such a manner that a first flat side of the brace (12) faces the abutment surface of the brace holder (1-5) on said vertebral body (7-11), whereby the brace (12) is deformable in only one geometric plane during mounting in the brace holder (1-5) and during correction.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring the cooking temperature of meat patties. More specifically, a method is provided for monitoring the cooking temperature of meat patties by determining the concentration of colored compounds, such as myoglobin, in meat juice.