Abstract: A system (1) for estimating the brain blood volume and/or brain blood flow and/or depth of anesthesia of a patient, comprises at least one excitation electrode (110E) to be placed on the head (20) of a patient (2) for applying an excitation signal, at least one sensing electrode (110S) to be placed on the head (20) of the patient (2) for sensing a measurement signal caused by the excitation signal, and a processor device (12) for processing said measurement signal (VC) sensed by the at least one sensing electrode (110S) for determining an output indicative of the brain blood volume and/or the brain blood flow. Herein, the processor device (12) is constituted to reduce noise in the measurement signal (VC) by applying a non-linear noise-reduction algorithm. In this way a system for estimating the brain blood volume and/or the brain blood flow of a patient is provided which may lead to an increased accuracy and hence more exact estimates.

Abstract: Method for training a model usable to compute an index of nociception A method for training a model (M2) usable to compute an index of nociception (qNOX) related to a nociception effect during a general anesthesia procedure comprises: obtaining, during a training phase separate from an actual use of the model (M2) during an anesthesia procedure, clinical data relating to a multiplicity of previous anesthesia procedures; deriving training data (TD) from said clinical data; deriving reference data (RD) from said clinical data; and training said model (M2) using said training data (TD) as input data to the model (M2) and said reference data (RD) as output data to the model (M2), wherein said training includes adjusting the model (M2) according to the training data (TD) and the reference data (RD).

Abstract: The present invention disclosed a device and method for assessing in real time the hypnotic and analgesic effect in a subject during wakefulness, sedation and general anaesthesia via drug interactions and physiological signals. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analgesic and hypnotic effect of drug(s) infused in a subject could be accurately assessed in real time through the device and method disclosed in the present invention, comprising steps of receiving data from electroencephalography (EEG) device, receiving data from brain impedance tomography device, obtaining pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters of drug(s) infused in the subject, defining initial indices of consciousness and nociception as a function of said EEG and brain impedance tomography data, and generating output of final indices of consciousness and nociception in real time from processing input of EEG, brain tomography and drug interaction data using established mathematical manipulation.

Abstract: A system for measuring a substance concentration in the exhaled breath of a patient (4) comprises a measurement apparatus (21) for performing an ion mobility spectrometry measurement of a gas probe of the exhaled breath of the patient to obtain a recorded data set (R) indicative of a drift spectrum (S) relating to the gas probe, and a processor (20) for processing the recorded data set (R) to determine at least one characteristic value relating to the drift spectrum (S) and to output a concentration estimate indicative N of the substance concentration in the gas probe. Herein, the processor (20) is constituted to fit an autoregressive model to at least a portion of the recorded data set (R) to obtain a fitted data set (F), wherein the processor (20) is further constituted to determine said at least one characteristic value from the fitted data set (F).

Abstract: A system (1) for estimating the stroke volume and/or the cardiac output of a patient, comprises a processor device (12) constituted to receive a bio-impedance measurement signal (VC) relating to a bio-impedance measurement on the thorax (2) of a patient (2), process the bio-impedance measurement signal (VC) to extract a group of characteristic features from the bio-impedance measurement signal (DVC) and/or its derivative (DVC), and determine, using the group of extracted characteristic features, an output value indicative of the stroke volume and/or the cardiac output using at least one non-linear model (110, 111). The processor device (12) furthermore is constituted to process the bio-impedance measurement signal (VC) to compute at least one time-frequency distribution (TFD) based on the bio-impedance measurement signal (VC) and/or its derivative and to determine at least one characteristic feature of said group of characteristic features based on the at least one time-frequency distribution (TFD).

Abstract: A system (1) for estimating the brain blood volume and/or brain blood flow and/or depth of anesthesia of a patient, comprises at least one excitation electrode (110E) to be placed on the head (20) of a patient (2) for applying an excitation signal, at least one sensing electrode (110S) to be placed on the head (20) of the patient (2) for sensing a measurement signal caused by the excitation signal, and a processor device (12) for processing said measurement signal (VC) sensed by the at least one sensing electrode (110S) for determining an output indicative of the brain blood volume and/or the brain blood flow. Herein, the processor device (12) is constituted to reduce noise in the measurement signal (VC) by applying a non-linear noise-reduction algorithm. In this way a system for estimating the brain blood volume and/or the brain blood flow of a patient is provided which may lead to an increased accuracy and hence more exact estimates.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining stroke volume, cardiac output and systemic inflammation by fuzzy logic combination of features extracted from a voltage measured over the thorax, electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram comprising a) sensor for measuring electroencephalogram; b) sensor for measuring the electrocardiogram; c) calculating the heart rate variability from the electrocardiogram; d) two electrodes (1, 2) for measuring the voltage generated by a constant current generator in two other electrodes (1, 2); e) calculating the area under the curve of voltage for each heart-beat; f) calculating the derivative of the voltage curve; g) calculating the transfer entropy between EEG and ECG; h) combining at least 3 extracted parameters using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) or any other fuzzy reasoner into a final index of cardiac output; i) combining at least 3 extracted parameters using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System or any other fuzzy reasoner into a final index of systemic inflammation

Abstract: The present invention disclosed a device and method for assessing in real time the hypnotic and analgesic effect in a subject during wakefulness, sedation and general anaesthesia via drug interactions and physiological signals. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analgesic and hypnotic effect of drug(s) infused in a subject could be accurately assessed in real time through the device and method disclosed in the present invention, comprising steps of receiving data from electroencephalography (EEG) device, receiving data from brain impedance tomography device, obtaining pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters of drug(s) infused in the subject, defining initial indices of consciousness and nociception as a function of said EEG and brain impedance tomography data, and generating output of final indices of consciousness and nociception in real time from processing input of EEG, brain tomography and drug interaction data using established mathematical manipulation.

Abstract: Means and methods for measuring pain and adapted for calculating the level of nociception during general anesthesia or sedation from data including electroencephalogram (EEG), facial electromyogram (EMG), heart rate variability (HRV) by electrocardiogram (ECG) and plethysmography by impedance cardiography (ICG). In a preferred embodiment of this invention the parameters derived from the EEG, the HRV, the plethysmographic curve and the analgetics concentrations are either combined into one index on a scale from 0 to 100, where a high number is associated with high probability of response to noxious stimuli, while a decreasing index is associated with decreasing probability of response to noxious stimuli. Zero (0) indicates extremely low probability of response to noxious stimuli. In an alternative embodiment, only features from the EEG and ECG will be used or only features from EEG, ECG and ICG, to define the fmal index.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining stroke volume, cardiac output and systemic inflammation by fuzzy logic combination of features extracted from a voltage measured over the thorax, electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram comprising a) sensor for measuring electroencephalogram; b) sensor for measuring the electrocardiogram; c) calculating the heart rate variability from the electrocardiogram; d) two electrodes (1, 2) for measuring the voltage generated by a constant current generator in two other electrodes (1, 2); e) calculating the area under the curve of voltage for each heart-beat; f) calculating the derivative of the voltage curve; g) calculating the transfer entropy between EEG and ECG; h) combining at least 3 extracted parameters using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) or any other fuzzy reasoner into a final index of cardiac output; i) combining at least 3 extracted parameters using an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System or any other fuzzy reasoner into a final index of systemic inflammation

Abstract: A transducer mounting comprising a compliant elongate support member having a skin engaging surface, adhering means to adhere the skin engaging surface to a wearer's head, and a plurality of transducers longitudinally spaced on the skin engaging surface. A wearable monitor comprising adhering means for adhering the wearable monitor to skin, a skin-facing surface with a transducer thereon for either or both stimulating a physiological response and measuring a physiological parameter, and display means or audio output means integral to the wearable monitor for displaying a signal related to a measured physiological parameter on the wearable monitor or transmitting a sound related to a measured physiological parameter from the wearable monitor, respectively.

Abstract: The present patent describes a method for a Movement and Vibration Analyzer (MVA) based on Fast Fourier Transform spectral analysis, and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for Hilbert transform of a timeseries recorded with an accelerometer attached to a human being or an object. The medical application is the detection of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurological motor disorders (Dystonias, Dyskinesias, Huntington's disease, Essential Tremor, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), etc), which affects worldwide more than 5 million persons, where the highest percentage is in the ageing population. The industrial application is the study of vibration and maintenance of rotational devices (motors, turbines, and others which have an intrinsic sinusoidal likewise movement). An EMD is carried out on the acceleration signal which produces a collection of intrinsic mode functions (IMF), on which the Hilbert transform is carried out.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for extracting signals which are indicative of the level of consciousness of a patient comprises subjecting the patient to a repetitive audio stimulus, monitoring AEP produced by the patient using an autoregressive model with exogenous input, and then calculating an index (AAI), which is displayed or used otherwise,indicative of the anaesthetic depth.